Chapter 8 - Binary & Hexadecimal

Question 1

What is a CPU?

Answer 1

central processing unit

Question 2

What are transistors?

Answer 2

Tiny switches connected in complex circuits. The transistors have 2 states - they are either on or off. By switching between the 2 states, the transistors in a CPU can execute program code

Question 3

What is binary?

Answer 3

a counting system with two digits, 0 & 1

Question 4

what does a transistors on state represent?

Answer 4

1

Question 5

what does a transistors off state represent?

Answer 5

0

Question 6

What is decimal 173 in binary?

Answer 6

10101101

Question 7

What is binary 10100110 in decimal

Answer 7

166

Question 8

what is a Bit?

Answer 8

a binary digit

Question 9

what is 8 Bits?

Answer 9

1 Byte of data

Question 10

what is a Byte?

Answer 10

8 bits of data

Question 11

How do you work out the largest x-bit digit number

Answer 11

2 to the power of x -1

Question 12

what is data stored as in CPU’s

Answer 12

blocks of 8 digits or 8 bits or 1 Byte

Question 13

How many Bits make a nibble

Answer 13

2

Question 14

How many bits make a byte

Answer 14

8

Question 15

how many nibbles make a byte

Answer 15

4

Question 16

how many bytes make a kilobyte (kb)

Answer 16

1000

Question 17

how many kilobytes make a megabyte (mb)

Answer 17

1000

Question 18

how many megabytes make a gigabyte (gb)

Answer 18

1000

Question 19

how many gigabytes make a terabyte (tb)

Answer 19

1000

Question 20

how many terabytes make a petabyte (pb)

Answer 20

1000

Question 21

what is binary 00110011 + 01100010

Answer 21

10010101

Question 22

What is 10110110 + 11110010

Answer 22

110101000= 9 bits = overflow error

Question 23

What is 00111010 / 2

Answer 23

00011101

Question 24

What is 10111000 / 8

Answer 24

00010111

Question 25

What is 00101110 x 4

Answer 25

10111000

Question 26

What is a digital image composed of?

Answer 26

thousands of pixels (picture elements) they are so small they "blend" into one-another, creating the image

Question 27

image = 300 pixels wide and 800 pixels tall = how many bytes

Answer 27

800 x 300 x 3 = 720,000 bytes of data

Question 28

What are all pixel colours comprised of?

Answer 28

red, green, blue

Question 29

What is hexadecimal and why do we use it

Answer 29

It's a counting system with 16 states: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F. It's easier to represent RGB values using hexadecimal as it only uses 2 states per value compared to binary with its 8 per value (easier for humans to work with binary numbers)

Question 30

What is 0110 0010 in hexadecimal?

Answer 30

#72

Question 31

what is decimal 73 in hexadecimal?

Answer 31

#49

Question 32

what is hexadecimal #A3 into decimal

Answer 32

163

Question 33

what is hexadecimal #9 9 into decimal

Answer 33

1001 1001