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Inspectors CPK > Chapter 8 - Command and Control / Emergency management > Flashcards

Chapter 8 - Command and Control / Emergency management Flashcards

1
Q

When responding to an incident, who has primary responsibility (to ensure risk is managed appropriately)?

A

Incident controller

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2
Q

What is at the core of determining how Police intervene or deploy?

A

TENR

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3
Q

What must the response be to any given situation?

A
  • considered
  • timely
  • proportionate
  • appropriate
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4
Q

TENR - Threat

A

Threat is assessed.

This means:

Any individual / act / anything

that is likely to cause harm

Or

Have the potential to hinder Police

In the performance of their duties.

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5
Q

TENR - Exposure

A

Is managed - including the potential for harm (physical or otherwise)

To people

Or

The security of places or things

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6
Q

TENR - Necessity

A

To intervene IMMEDIATELY is considered

Is there a need to intervene now / later / not at all?

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7
Q

TENR - Response

A

Any response is

  • proportionate and
  • based on a considered assessment of THREAT / EXPOSURE / NECESSITY
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8
Q

What must be considered when responding to a situation?

A

Consider the impact on

  • Police
  • our partners
  • the focus of our attention (victims / offenders / communities)
  • any 3rd parties impacted
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9
Q

Who does command & control / Emergency management apply to?
Safety first

A

All employees - whether holding the office of Constable or not.

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10
Q

What is Control?

A

Operates horizontally across agencies

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11
Q

What is command?

A

Operates vertically within an agency

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12
Q

What is CIMS?

A

Coordinated Incident Management System

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13
Q

What is the model used by Police for command and control?

A

CIMS

(Coordinated Incident Management System)

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14
Q

What are the 3 essential elements of Command & Control?

A
  • Leadership
  • Decision making
  • Control

as well as

  • behaving lawfully & ethically
  • with a prevention & victim focus
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15
Q

What is vitally important for the Controller / Commander to ensure?

A

Ensure that key decisions are recorded / documented in the Decision Log

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16
Q

What is the Controller / Commanders role?

A

To provide

  • Leadership
  • Make decisions - within their authority
  • to ensure their directives are implemented (by exercising control)
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17
Q

Who has accountability?

A

Accountability remains with the Controller / Commander

But -

various elements of

  • leadership
  • decision making
  • control

CAN BE DELEGATED

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18
Q

When must TENR (and assessment/management of health & safety) be applied?

A

Must be applied at all levels - as Police escalate their response.

From initial incident to major sustained operations.

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19
Q

Who controls an incident?

A

When a controller is appointed - they are in control of the incident.

HOWEVER - can only “command” staff within their own agency.

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20
Q

What does “control” refer to?

A

The responsibility for coordinating and directing the response to an incident.

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21
Q

What does “control” do?

A
  • Sets priorities and objectives AND determines how best to implement them
  • includes authority to assign tasks to another agency AND to coordinate that agencies wider actions (so that it integrates with the wider response)
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22
Q

What does Control NOT include?

A
  • ownership / administrative responsibility / management of another agencies resources.
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23
Q

Does “Control” operate horizontally between response agencies?

A

YES

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24
Q

What can Command and Control apply to?

A

Used to respond to incidents and operations ranging in scope and size.

Can range from:

  • Policing a local community event
  • Critical incident
  • Major Critical event - including natural or man-made disasters.
  • Anything which requires the mobilisation of Police / Multiple agencies.
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25
Q

Does a “Controller” command other agencies staff?

A

NO - they control the incident.

Coordination occurs when “command & control” is communicated to all responders (and their agencies)

By giving appropriate taskings - that are completed correctly, in a timely manner.

26
Q

What environments will Police Command & Control be utilised?

A

A variety!!

  • business as usual
  • rising tide events
  • critical incidents
  • major critical events
  • planned operations
  • spontaneous operations
27
Q

What else does command cover?

A

Command operates vertically within an organisation and describes

  • internal ownership
  • administrative responsibility
  • detailed direction of an agency’s personnel & resources
28
Q

Does command include responsibility for welfare, morale and discipline of assigned staff??

A

YES

29
Q

Why does Police use the CIMS model?

A

Coordinated Incident Management System

  • provides ONE model of command, control, and coordination.
  • consistent with any interagency response
  • understood and practiced by multi agency partners
  • consistent with SOP’s already in place
  • already practiced by Police at all levels and is the operating model for Front Line at emergency incidents
30
Q

What do CIMS principles recognise?

A

Recognises that each agency needs to retain its own command structures

And working methods

In order to function effectively within its own sphere of operations.

31
Q

What provides a means of coordinating the efforts of different agencies as they work towards a common goal of responding to and stabilising an incident and protecting life, property and the environment??

A

CIMS

Coordinated Incident Management System

32
Q

What are the three specific command levels Police conduct duties within?

A
  • Tactical
  • Operational
  • Strategic
33
Q

Do all incidents require Commanders to be appointed at the Operational and Strategic level?

A

NO

any TACTICAL level incident / event

No matter how minor

Has a tactical level commander.

Not all incidents / events require commanders to be appointed at operational or strategic level.

34
Q

What is TACTICAL command?

A

The level within which Police resources are directly deployed within the community.

Almost all policing occurs at the tactical command level.

35
Q

What are the functions undertaken by the Tactical level commander?

A
  • command of
  • inner cordon
  • immediate situation
  • all police & resources within cordons
  • command within the intent provided by the Operational / Strategic Commander (if appointed)
  • manage interagency coordination at
    the tactical level
36
Q

When does the Operational Command level exist?

A

When there are multiple tactical level activities

Or

When the complexity of the situation requires a higher level of command.

37
Q

What are the functions undertaken by the Operational level Commander?

A

Command of

  • overall incident (s)
  • resource distribution to support tactical commanders
  • the response outside the area of tactical deployment (e.g overall police response during an AOS deployment)
  • manage interagency coordination at the operational level
  • the response within the Strategic Commanders intent (if one is appointed)
38
Q

When is the strategic level command appointed?

A

When the scope / consequence / community or political implications of an event is significant

And requires dedicated attention

39
Q

What are the functions undertaken by a Strategic Commander?

A
  • command overall Police operation
  • command multiple operational level activities (e.g cross District boundary events)
  • command community consultation response

Provide liaison between Media / Government / Agencies and the operational Commander

-

40
Q

What is the Internationally recommended “Span of Control”?

A

Between 2-7 Direct reports

41
Q

Why is there a span of control recommendation?

A

Should be limited so that the Controller or Commander does not become overloaded.

2-7 direct reports - but must be flexible

42
Q

Can you have more than one Command or Control structure or Command or Control authority at any one time?

A

No

There can only be one

43
Q

For the purposes of CIMS - what is an emergency defined as??

A

Emergency is defined as

“A situation that poses an IMMEDIATE risk to

  • life
  • health
  • property
  • or the environment

That requires a coordinated response”

44
Q

What are the components (4 R’s) of Emergency Management

A
  • Risk Reduction
  • Readiness (to respond)
  • Response
  • Recovery
45
Q

Civil Defence Emergency Act 2002
(CDEM)

A
  • provides for a state of local emergency to be declared
  • provides for certain people to be authorised to declare a state of local emergency
  • provides powers to the CDEM group when a state of emergency is in force
46
Q

Who is authorised to declare a state of local emergency?

A

The CDEM group must appoint at least 1 person (rep of the group)

  • a mayor (for their territory)
  • a Minister
  • if more than 1 appointed - CDEM must state whether they have equal status to make declaration - or only authorised in absence of another named person
47
Q

What is an emergency situation?

As defined in Civil Defence Emergency Act 2002

A

Is the result of any happening
- natural or otherwise

  • explosion / earthquake / eruption / tsunami / land movement / flood / storm / tornado / cyclone / serious fire / leak or spill / technology failure / infestation / plague / epidemic / failure or disruption to an emergency service / war like act
  • causes / May cause loss of life / injury / illness / distress / in anyway endangers the safety of the public
  • cannot be dealt with by emergency services
48
Q

What if state of local emergency needs to be terminated?

A

The person who is authorised to declare the state of local emergency - may terminate the state of local emergency

  • DOES NOT need to be the person who declared the state of emergency
49
Q

What needs to be considered about the area affected?

A

Decelerations should be limited to the area(s) affected.

Eg - local emergency does NOT need to be declared for the entire area - if the emergency only effects one or two districts.

This is because states of emergency provide for powers that are not normally available

50
Q

When to use CIMS?

A
  • fire
  • environmental incidents
  • public disorder
  • search & rescue
  • environmental incidents
  • natural hazard incidents
  • multiple / mass casualties
  • pandemic (communicable disease outbreak)
  • public health / medical emergencies
  • transportation accidents
  • planned events / celebrations / parades / official visits / concerts)
  • technological failures
  • bio security incursions
  • food safety incidents
  • hazardous substance incidents
  • ## marine mammal strandings
51
Q

Why CIMS?

A

Valuable tool to provide
- structure
- roles
- processes

To teams managing incident response

52
Q

What are the aims of RESPONSE (components of emergency Management)

A
  • preserve life
  • prevent escalation of emergency
  • maintain law & order
  • care for sick / injured / dependant
  • provide essential services
  • preserve governance
  • protect assets (including buildings)
  • protect natural / physical resources
  • provide animal welfare
  • preserve economic / social activity
53
Q

Other pieces of legislation that have provisions to activate and use emergency powers when necessary

A
  • Health Act 1956
  • Fire & Emergency NZ Act 2017
  • Defence Act 1990
  • Resource Management Act 1991
  • Biosecurity Act 1993
  • Maritime Transport Act 1994
  • Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996
  • Terrorism suppression Act 2002
  • Civil Defence Emergency Management Act 2002
  • Local Government Act 2002
  • Epidemic Preparedness Act 2006
  • Policing Act 2008
54
Q

Is a state of emergency required to be declared before the use of emergency powers?

A

Some statutes require this

Others allow for the use of emergency powers by appropriately appointed people

55
Q

What are the principles of CIMS?

A
  • Responsiveness to Community needs
  • flexibility
  • Unity of effort
56
Q

Who is in an incident management team?

A
  • a Response Manager
  • Technical experts
  • health & safety advisors
  • iwi representation
57
Q

What are the 7 functions of CIMS?

A

1) Control (function)
2) Intelligence
3) planning
4) operations
5) logistics
6) PIM (Public Information Management)
7) welfare

58
Q

S86
Civil Defence Emergency Management Act 2002

A

Evacuation of premises and places

  • if a state of emergency is in force
  • necessary for the preservation of human life
  • a person authorised may direct

a) the evacuation of any premises or place - including public place

Or

b) exclusion of persons or vehicles from any premises / place. Including public places

59
Q

S87 Civil Defence Emergency management Act 2002

A

Entry on premises

  • if a State of Emergency is in force
  • a controller / Constable / person acting under authority
  • may enter - if necessary BREAK INTO
  • any premises or place
  • within the area which the state of emergency is in force
  • believes on REASONABLE grounds action is necessary for

a) saving life / preventing injury / rescuing and removing injured or endangered persons

Or

b) permitting or facilitating the carrying out of any urgent measure - for the relief of suffering or distress

60
Q

S88 Civil Defence Emergency Management Act 2002.

A

Closing roads & public places

  • if a state if emergency is in force
  • controller / Constable / authorised person
  • in order to prevent / limit the extent of an emergency
  • totally or partially
  • prohibit or restrict
  • public access
  • with or without vehicles
  • to any road or public place
  • within the area or district where a state of Emergency is in force.
61
Q

S89 Civil Defence Emergency Management Act 2002

A

Removal of aircraft / vessels / vehicles

  • if a state of emergency is in force
  • a controller / Constable / authorised person
  • May - in order to prevent / limit the extent of the emergency

a) remove from any place
- Within the area / district where a state of emergency is in force

  • any aircraft / hovercraft / ship / ferry / other vessel / train / vehicle
  • impeding civil defence emergency

AND

b) if necessary for that purpose

Use force or break into the above

Inspectors CPK (9 decks)

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