Chapter 8: Communiction For Academic Purposes

Question 1

It is the moral code or ethical policy of academia. This includes values, maintenance of academic standards.

It is practiced in a majority of educational institution, noted in mission statements and syllabuses, and taught in ethics classes.

Answer 1

Academic Integrity

Question 2

It is any type of cheating that occurs in relation to a formal academic exercise.

Answer 2

Academic dishonesty

Question 3

The adoption or reproduction of ideas or words or statements of another person without due acknowledgement.

Answer 3

Plagiarism

Question 4

The falsification of data, information or citations in any formal academic exercise.

Answer 4

Fabrication

Question 5

Any attempt to give or obtain assistance in a formal academic exercise without due acknowledgement.

Answer 5

Cheating

Question 6

Acting to prevent someone from completing their work.

Answer 6

Sabotage

Question 7

It refers to creations of the mind, such as inventions, literary-artistic works, designs, symbols, names and images.

Answer 7

Intellectual Property

Question 8

Type of IP that is legally used to describe the rights that creators have over their literary and artistic works.

Answer 8

Copyright

Question 9

An exclusive right granted for an invention, which is anything that introduces a new way of doing something or offers solutions to problems.

Answer 9

Patent

Question 10

A sign capable of distinguishing goods or services between different enterprises. These are protected by intellectual property rights.

Answer 10

Trademarks

Question 11

This constitutes the ornamental or aesthetic aspect of an article. Consists of 3-dimensional features and 2-dimensional features.

Answer 11

Industrial Designs

Question 12

Writing is a _____

Answer 12

Privilege

Question 13

One’s skill in writing transcends _____

Answer 13

Many forms of discipline

Question 14

It is the act of getting the gist from a material and using new words synonymous to previously used words. The entire idea should not be altered.

Answer 14

Paraphrasing

Question 15

It is a process of scientific thinking that leads to the discovery of new knowledge and truth. It is not subjective expression of ideas or opinions. It is born of problems and of man’s determination to solve problems.

Answer 15

Research

Question 16

It is a written statement that reasons and justifies why a research is conducted. It is designed to inform readers on the study’s impact.

Answer 16

Rationale

Question 17

It is the systematic process of collecting information and data for the purpose of investigating and analyzing a phenomenon, condition, or problem.

It is a logical procedure that involves:

• Identifying the research respondents
• Sources of data
• Locale of the study
• Data gathering
• Treatment of Data

Answer 17

Research Methodology

Question 18

Those who will be answering survey questionnaires

Answer 18

Research respondents

Question 19

Those who will be observed, audio-video recorded, or subjected to certain stimulus or treatments, answer research interviews and participate in focus group discussions)

Answer 19

Research Participants

Question 20

Where the study is conducted

Answer 20

Locale of the Study

Question 21

The manner as to how the data will be exactly collected (e.g. interviews, focus group discussions)

Answer 21

Data gathering

Question 22

Transcribing, tallying, tabulating, coding, interpreting and analyzing of data

Answer 22

Treatment of Data

Question 23

Two research methodology paradigms:

Answer 23

Quantitative research

• Seeks to understand the causal or correlational relationship between variables through testing hypotheses
• Experiment, random assignment, independent/dependent variable, causal/correlational, validity, deductive logic

Qualitative research

• Seeks to understand a phenomenon within a real-world context through the use of interviews and observation
• Complexity, contextual, inductive logic, discovery, exploration

Question 24

The entire group or set of individuals, objects, or events that possess specific characteristics and are of interest to the researcher

Answer 24

Population

Question 25

Type of research that includes the entire population. Data is gathered on every member of the population.

Answer 25

Census Study

Question 26

A smaller and more manageable representation of a larger group; A subset of a larger population

Answer 26

Sample

Question 27

Sampling method wherein each member of the population has a known non-zero probability of being selected. Involves random selection, allowing you to make strong statistical inferences about the whole group.

Sampling error can be calculated. When inferring to population, results are reported plus or minus the sampling error.

E.g. systematic sampling, stratified sampling

Answer 27

Probability Sampling

Question 28

Sampling method wherein members are selected from the population in non-random manner. Allows you to easily collect data

E.g. convenience sampling, judgment sampling, quota sampling, snowball sampling

Answer 28

Non-probability sampling

Question 29

The purest form of probability sampling. Each member of the population has an equal and known chance of being selected.

Answer 29

Random sampling

Question 30

Aka the Nth name selection technique. After the required sample size has been calculated, every Nth record is selected from a list of population members.

Answer 30

Systematic sampling

Question 31

In this sampling, researchers divide population into stratum (subsets). Random sampling is then used to select a sufficient number of subjects from each stratum.

Answer 31

Stratified sampling

Question 32

The sample is collected because they are convenient. Used in exploratory research where the researcher is interested in getting an inexpensive approximation of truth.

Answer 32

Convenience Sampling

Question 33

The researcher selects the sample based on judgment. This is usually an extension of convenience sampling.

Answer 33

Judgment sampling

Question 34

The researcher first identifies stratums in a population, then convenience or judgment sampling is used to select the required number of subjects from each stratum.

Answer 34

Quota sampling

Question 35

Sampling method that relies on referrals from initial subjects to generate additional subjects

Answer 35

Snowball sampling

Question 36

This formula is useful in determining sample size that could represent a large population.

Formula: n = N / (1 + Ne2) wherein;

n - Number of Samples
N - Total population
e - Error tolerance

Answer 36

Slovin’s Formula