Chapter 8: Intelligence

Question 1

Intelligence is…

Answer 1

-the capacity and ability to understand the world, think rationally, use resources to deal with challenges

Question 2

Intelligence/cognitive tests: (HINT: 3 of them)

Answer 2

-Achievement tests
-aptitude tests
-IQ tests

Question 3

Achievement tests:

Answer 3

-measures and demonstrates what you have already learned

Question 4

Aptitude tests:

Answer 4

-predicts the abilities or tasks that one can thrive in

Question 5

IQ tests:

Answer 5

-assesses general cognitive ability

Question 6

Two types of intelligence:

Answer 6

-fluid: info processing, reasoning, memory

-crystallized: cumulative info, skills, strategies learned and applied

Question 7

Reliability & Validity with testing

Answer 7

-a test is reliable if it measures information in a consistent manner

-a test is valid if IT ACTUALLY measures what it’s supposed to measure

Question 8

What are some specific learning disorders? Explain a learning disorder.

Answer 8

-Dyslexia
-ADHD
-Learning challenges in listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning, or mathematical abilities

Question 9

Dyslexia

Answer 9

-reading disability
-reversal of letters
-confusing left and right
-spelling difficulties

Question 10

ADHD

Answer 10

-attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder
-inattention
-impulsiveness
-low tolerance
-frustration

Question 11

General intelligence (HINT: g)

Answer 11

-Spearman
-similar to IQ
-correlates test scores
-broad mental capicity
-underlies different skills

Question 12

Gardner’s multiple intelligences

Answer 12

-8 distinct abilities:

-linguistic
-logical/mathematical
-musical
-visual/spatial
-bodily
-intrapersonal
-interpersonal
-naturalistic

Question 13

Sternberg’s triarchic theory of intelligence

Answer 13

-3 distinct abilities:
1. practical
2. creative
3. analytical

Question 15

Cattel-Horn-Carrol model of intelligence:

Answer 15

-7 broad abilities
-70 narrow abilities

Question 16

Creativity

Answer 16

combo of ideas in unique, and useful ways

Question 17

What is the developmental age in which creative abilities peak?

Answer 17

20s-30s

Question 18

Development Quotient

Answer 18

A score associated with the performance of

1.motor skills
2.language use
3. adaptive behavior
4. personal and social skills

Question 19

Barley Scales of Infant Development is…

Answer 19

what evaluates an infants development from 2-42 months looking at:

-senses
-perception
-memory
-learning
-problem solving
-language
-as well as motor abilities

Question 20

Visual-recognition memory is:

Answer 20

measures in memory and recognition of a stimulus that has been seen and attention competence relate to later IQ

Question 21

Cross-modal transference is

Answer 21

distinguishing an experience or event through the senses

Question 22

What is the multimodal approach to perception:

Answer 22

information processing skills of various sensory systems is associated with intelligence

Question 23

What are some group differences in IQ?

Answer 23

-Cultural background
-racial groups

Question 24

Stereotype threat

Answer 24

-the tendency to feed into or confirm set up beliefs about a certain group of people

Question 25

Flynn Effect

Answer 25

-means that standardized intelligence scores have risen over the past centuries

Question 26

Selective Optimization

Answer 26

-the process ppl use to concentrate on a specific skill to make up for a loss in another area

Question 27

Intellectual disability

Answer 27

-challenges/ limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive abilities

Question 28

Different types of intellectual disabilities(HINT: FI,FA,DS,MI,MOI,SI,PI)

Answer 28

-familial intellectual disability (no apparent cause for it) -fetal alcohol syndrome -down syndrome (extra 21st chromosome) -mild intellectual -moderate intellectual -severe intellectual -profound intellectual

Question 29

Least restrictive environment is where:

Answer 29

-special needs children are put in an environment where they are with children w/o special needs

Question 30

Mainstreaming is:

Answer 30

-when children are placed in the traditional educational system with a variety of education alternatives

Question 31

Full inclusion means:

Answer 31

-the integration of all students, including those with disabilities

Question 32

Gifted

Answer 32

-children with high performance in which require services that align with the level of capabilities they are in

Question 33

Acceleration

Answer 33

-the process in which students move ahead at their own pace -skip grade levels if necessary

Question 34

Enrichment

Answer 34

-Kept at grade level -But enrolled in special advanced classes

Question 35

The Wechsler intelligence scale for children measures:

Answer 35

verbal and performance skills

Question 36

The Wechsler intelligence scale for adults measures:

Answer 36

verbal and performance skills too

Question 37

Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children measures:

Answer 37

-verbal and nonverbal abilities -ability to integrate different stimuli at the same time