Chapter 8- Lipids Flashcards
(42 cards)
Common property amongst lipids
mostly hydrophobic
Lipids are soluble in _____
organic solvents (ex. chloroform and methanol)
Types of storage lipids
- Fatty Acids
- Triacylglycerols
Types of structural lipids
- Glycerophospholipids
- Sphingolipids
Types of structural and functional lipids
Steroids/ sterols
fatty acid composition:
- Carboxylic chain
- Long aliphatic chain
Why are fatty acids slightly water soluble?
COOH group
Which carbon is Carbon 1 on fatty acids?
Carboxyl carbon
Fatty acids are rarely found _____ and are usually found as _____
alone
part of other lipid molecules
Saturated= ____
Unsaturated= ______
NO double bonds
Double bonds
Monounsaturated means:
Polyunsaturated means:
Only 1 double bond
more than 1 double bond
Double bonds in lipids are almost always____
Cis
When naming saturated fatty acids in triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids, the suffix ____ is added to the name
-oyl (ex. Steric acid –> Steroyl)
When naming unsaturated fatty acids in triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids, the suffix ____ is added to the name
-oleoyl (ex. Linoleic acid —> Linoleoyl)
What determines the Tm of a fatty acid?
chain length
degree of unsaturation
Saturated fatty acids have a ____ Tm because___
high
they can pack very tightly due to no double bond bends and kinks, which increases intermolecular forces
Unsaturated fatty acids have a ____ Tm, because ____
low
the force kinks caused by DB’s cause a reduction in intermolecular forces
The more double bonds in a fatty acid, the _____ the melting temp
Lower
The longer the carbon chain in a fatty acid, the _____ the Tm
higher
What is hydrogenation
converting cis DB into single bonds which results in a higher Tm
What is partial hydrogenation?
converting cis DB to trans-DB
The simplest lipids constructed from fatty acids are ____
Triacylglycerols
Triacylglycerols are made of
3 fatty acids in ester linkage with a single glycerol
Triacylglycerol is ______ and water- ______
nonpolar
insoluble
