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Ap psych > Chapter 8-motivation and emotion > Flashcards

Chapter 8-motivation and emotion Flashcards

(106 cards)

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1
Q

motivation

A

process by which activities are stated directed and continued so that physical or psychological needs or wants are met

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2
Q

extrinsic motivation

A

person performs an action because it leads to an outcome that is separate from or external to the person

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3
Q

intrinsic motivation

A

person performs an action because the act itself is rewarding or satisfying in some internal manner

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4
Q

instincts

A

biologically determined and innate patterns of behavior that exist in people and animals

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5
Q

instinct approach

A

approach to motivation that assumes people are governed by instincts to those of animals

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6
Q

need

A

requirement of some material that is essential for survival of the organism

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7
Q

drive

A

psychological tension and physical arousal arising when there is a need that motivates the organism to act in order to fufill the need and reduce the tension

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8
Q

drive-reduction theory

A

assumes behavior arises from physiological needs that cause jnternal drives to push the organism to satisfy the need and reduce tension and arousal

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9
Q

primary druves

A

those drives that involve needs of the body such as hunger and thirst

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10
Q

accquired secondary drives

A

learned through experience or conditioning such as need for koney or social approval

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11
Q

homeostasis

A

tendency of body to maintain steady state

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12
Q

need for achievement

A

strong desire to succeed attaining goals not only realistic ones but also challenging ones

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13
Q

need for affilitation

A

need for friendly social interactions and relationships with others

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14
Q

need for power

A

need to have control or influence over others

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15
Q

stimulus motive

A

appears to be unlearned causes an increase in stimulation such as curiosity

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16
Q

arousal theory

A

theory of motivation in which people are said to have an optimal level on tension that they seek to maintain by increasing or decreasing stimulation

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17
Q

yerkes dodson law

A

performance is related to arousal, moderate levels of arousal lead to better performance that do levels of arousal that are too low or too high. effect varies of level of task. easy tasks require high moderate level whereas difficult tasks require low moderate level

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18
Q

sensation seeker

A

someone who needs more arousal than average person

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19
Q

incentives

A

things that attract or lure people into action

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20
Q

incentive approaches

A

theories of motivation in which behavior is explained as a response to the external stimulus and its rewarding properties

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21
Q

expectancy-value theories

A

assume actions of humans cannot be predicted or fully understood w out understanding beliefs , values and importance that a person attaches to those beliefs and values at any given moment in time

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22
Q

self actualization

A

according to maslow the point thay is seldom reached at which people have sufficiently satisfied the lower needs and achieved their full human potential

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23
Q

peak expiriences

A

maslow said times in a persons life during which self-actualization is temporarily achieved

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24
Q

self determination theory

A

theory of human motivation in which social context of an action has an effect on type of motivation existing for the action

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25
insulin
hormone secreted by the pancreas to control levels of fat proteins and carbohydrates in body by reducing level of glucose in the bloodstream
26
glucagons
hormones secreted by pancreas to control levels of fats proteins and carbohydrates in the body by increasing level of glucose in bloodstream
27
weigh set point
particular level of weight that body tries to maintain
28
basal metabolic rate
rate at which body burns energy when organism is resting
29
anorexia nervosa
condition in which a person reduces eating to the point that a weight loss of 15 % below the ideal body weight or more occurs
30
bulimia nervosa
person develops a cycle of binging or overeating enormous amounts of food at one sitting and then using unhealthy methods to avoid weight gain
31
emotion
feeling aspect of consciousness a characterized by a certain physical arousal a certain behavior that reveals the emotion to the outside world and an inner awreness of feelings
32
display rules
learning ways of controlling displays of emotion in social settings
33
james lange theory of emotion
physiological reaction leads to the labeling if an emotion
34
cannon-bard theory of emotion
physiological reaction and the emotion are assumed to occur at the same time
35
cognitive arousal theory
both physical arousal and labeling of arousal based on cues from environment must occur before emotion os experienced
36
facial feedback hypothesis
assumes facial expressions provide feedback to the brain concerning the emotion being expressed which in thrn causes and intensifies emotion
37
cognitive meditational theory
stimulus must be interpreted (appraised) by a person in order to result in a physical response and an emotional reaction
38
positive psychology movement
viewpoint that recommends shifting the focus of psychology away from the negative aspects to a more positive focus on strengths well being and pursuit of happiness.
39
instinct approach
approach to motivation that assumes people are governed by instincts to those of animals
40
need
requirement of some material that is essential for survival of the organism
41
drive
psychological tension and physical arousal arising when there is a need that motivates the organism to act in order to fufill the need and reduce the tension
42
drive-reduction theory
assumes behavior arises from physiological needs that cause jnternal drives to push the organism to satisfy the need and reduce tension and arousal
43
primary druves
those drives that involve needs of the body such as hunger and thirst
44
accquired secondary drives
learned through experience or conditioning such as need for koney or social approval
45
homeostasis
tendency of body to maintain steady state
46
need for achievement
strong desire to succeed attaining goals not only realistic ones but also challenging ones
47
need for affilitation
need for friendly social interactions and relationships with others
48
need for power
need to have control or influence over others
49
stimulus motive
appears to be unlearned causes an increase in stimulation such as curiosity
50
arousal theory
theory of motivation in which people are said to have an optimal level on tension that they seek to maintain by increasing or decreasing stimulation
51
yerkes dodson law
performance is related to arousal, moderate levels of arousal lead to better performance that do levels of arousal that are too low or too high. effect varies of level of task. easy tasks require high moderate level whereas difficult tasks require low moderate level
52
sensation seeker
someone who needs more arousal than average person
53
incentives
things that attract or lure people into action
54
incentive approaches
theories of motivation in which behavior is explained as a response to the external stimulus and its rewarding properties
55
expectancy-value theories
assume actions of humans cannot be predicted or fully understood w out understanding beliefs , values and importance that a person attaches to those beliefs and values at any given moment in time
56
self actualization
according to maslow the point thay is seldom reached at which people have sufficiently satisfied the lower needs and achieved their full human potential
57
peak expiriences
maslow said times in a persons life during which self-actualization is temporarily achieved
58
self determination theory
theory of human motivation in which social context of an action has an effect on type of motivation existing for the action
59
insulin
hormone secreted by the pancreas to control levels of fat proteins and carbohydrates in body by reducing level of glucose in the bloodstream
60
glucagons
hormones secreted by pancreas to control levels of fats proteins and carbohydrates in the body by increasing level of glucose in bloodstream
61
weigh set point
particular level of weight that body tries to maintain
62
basal metabolic rate
rate at which body burns energy when organism is resting
63
anorexia nervosa
condition in which a person reduces eating to the point that a weight loss of 15 % below the ideal body weight or more occurs
64
bulimia nervosa
person develops a cycle of binging or overeating enormous amounts of food at one sitting and then using unhealthy methods to avoid weight gain
65
emotion
feeling aspect of consciousness a characterized by a certain physical arousal a certain behavior that reveals the emotion to the outside world and an inner awreness of feelings
66
display rules
learning ways of controlling displays of emotion in social settings
67
james lange theory of emotion
physiological reaction leads to the labeling if an emotion
68
cannon-bard theory of emotion
physiological reaction and the emotion are assumed to occur at the same time
69
cognitive arousal theory
both physical arousal and labeling of arousal based on cues from environment must occur before emotion os experienced
70
facial feedback hypothesis
assumes facial expressions provide feedback to the brain concerning the emotion being expressed which in thrn causes and intensifies emotion
71
cognitive meditational theory
stimulus must be interpreted (appraised) by a person in order to result in a physical response and an emotional reaction
72
positive psychology movement
viewpoint that recommends shifting the focus of psychology away from the negative aspects to a more positive focus on strengths well being and pursuit of happiness.
73
instinct approach
approach to motivation that assumes people are governed by instincts to those of animals
74
need
requirement of some material that is essential for survival of the organism
75
drive
psychological tension and physical arousal arising when there is a need that motivates the organism to act in order to fufill the need and reduce the tension
76
drive-reduction theory
assumes behavior arises from physiological needs that cause jnternal drives to push the organism to satisfy the need and reduce tension and arousal
77
primary druves
those drives that involve needs of the body such as hunger and thirst
78
accquired secondary drives
learned through experience or conditioning such as need for koney or social approval
79
homeostasis
tendency of body to maintain steady state
80
need for achievement
strong desire to succeed attaining goals not only realistic ones but also challenging ones
81
need for affilitation
need for friendly social interactions and relationships with others
82
need for power
need to have control or influence over others
83
stimulus motive
appears to be unlearned causes an increase in stimulation such as curiosity
84
arousal theory
theory of motivation in which people are said to have an optimal level on tension that they seek to maintain by increasing or decreasing stimulation
85
yerkes dodson law
performance is related to arousal, moderate levels of arousal lead to better performance that do levels of arousal that are too low or too high. effect varies of level of task. easy tasks require high moderate level whereas difficult tasks require low moderate level
86
sensation seeker
someone who needs more arousal than average person
87
incentives
things that attract or lure people into action
88
incentive approaches
theories of motivation in which behavior is explained as a response to the external stimulus and its rewarding properties
89
expectancy-value theories
assume actions of humans cannot be predicted or fully understood w out understanding beliefs , values and importance that a person attaches to those beliefs and values at any given moment in time
90
self actualization
according to maslow the point thay is seldom reached at which people have sufficiently satisfied the lower needs and achieved their full human potential
91
peak expiriences
maslow said times in a persons life during which self-actualization is temporarily achieved
92
self determination theory
theory of human motivation in which social context of an action has an effect on type of motivation existing for the action
93
insulin
hormone secreted by the pancreas to control levels of fat proteins and carbohydrates in body by reducing level of glucose in the bloodstream
94
glucagons
hormones secreted by pancreas to control levels of fats proteins and carbohydrates in the body by increasing level of glucose in bloodstream
95
weigh set point
particular level of weight that body tries to maintain
96
basal metabolic rate
rate at which body burns energy when organism is resting
97
anorexia nervosa
condition in which a person reduces eating to the point that a weight loss of 15 % below the ideal body weight or more occurs
98
bulimia nervosa
person develops a cycle of binging or overeating enormous amounts of food at one sitting and then using unhealthy methods to avoid weight gain
99
emotion
feeling aspect of consciousness a characterized by a certain physical arousal a certain behavior that reveals the emotion to the outside world and an inner awreness of feelings
100
display rules
learning ways of controlling displays of emotion in social settings
101
james lange theory of emotion
physiological reaction leads to the labeling if an emotion
102
cannon-bard theory of emotion
physiological reaction and the emotion are assumed to occur at the same time
103
cognitive arousal theory
both physical arousal and labeling of arousal based on cues from environment must occur before emotion os experienced
104
facial feedback hypothesis
assumes facial expressions provide feedback to the brain concerning the emotion being expressed which in thrn causes and intensifies emotion
105
cognitive meditational theory
stimulus must be interpreted (appraised) by a person in order to result in a physical response and an emotional reaction
106
positive psychology movement
viewpoint that recommends shifting the focus of psychology away from the negative aspects to a more positive focus on strengths well being and pursuit of happiness.

Ap psych (2 decks)

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