Chapter 8 Pelvic Girdle

Question 1

4 bones of the pelvis

Answer 1

1. Sacrum
2. Coccyx
3. Right ossa coxae
4. Left ossa coxae
   Right and left ossa coxae refers to pelvic girdle

Question 2

Functions of the Pelvis

Answer 2

Protects and supports the viscera in the inferior part of ventral body cavity
Supports the weight of the body from the vertebral column

Question 3

Pelvic (Hip) Girdle Structure

Answer 3

3 bones fuse together
1. Ilium
2. Ischium
3. Pubis
Two coxal bones are joined anteriorly by the pubic symphysis, and posteriorly by the sacrum (sacroiliac joints).

Question 4

Ilium

Answer 4

Largest of the 3 hip bones
Forms the superior part of the hip bone
Consists of the: ala, body, acetabulum, iliac crest (hip) and greater sciatic notch - sciatic nerve

Question 5

Ischium

Answer 5

Inferior and posterior part of the hip bone

Most prominent feature is the ischial tuberosity: the part that meets the chair when you are sitting on it

Question 6

Pubis

Answer 6

Inferior and anterior part of the hip bone

Superior and inferior rami and body

Question 7

Pelvic Brim

Answer 7

A line from the sacral promontory to the upper part of the pubic symphysis.
False pelvis lies above this line.

Question 8

True pelvis

Answer 8

The bony pelvis inferior to the pelvic brim, has an inlet, an outlet and a cavity. Contains the sex organs

Question 9

Pelvic axis

Answer 9

Path of baby during birth

Question 10

Male pelves

Answer 10

Bones are larger and heavier
Pelvic inlet is smaller and heart shaped
Pubic arch is less that 90 degrees
Coccyx is less movable and less curved anteriorly
Sacrum is longer and narrower
Pelvic outlet is narrower

Question 11

Female pelves

Answer 11

Wider and shallower
Pubic arch is greater than 90 degrees
More space in the true pelvis (sex organs)
Coccyx more moveable and more curved
Pelvic outlet is wider

Question 12

Muscles that move the Coxal joint and thigh

Answer 12

O: pelvic girdle and vertebral column
I: various places on the femur.
F: 1. Stabilizes the hip joint
2. Provides support for body during locomotion
3. Most are massive muscles
4. Divided into anterior, posterior and medial groups

Question 13

Muscles that move the femur (5 groups)

Answer 13

1. Anterior (flexor)
2. Posterior (extensors, abductors, and rotators)
3. Medial (adductors)
4. Deep lateral (rotators)
5. Lateral group

Question 14

Iliacus

Answer 14

Anterior Group
O: iliac fossa of ilium
I: lesser trochanter of femur
F: flexes and rotates thigh laterally

Question 15

Psoas Major/Minor

Answer 15

Anterior Group
O: transverse process and body of lumbar vertebrae
I: lesser trochanter
F: flexes and rotates thigh laterally

Question 16

Sartorius

Answer 16

Anterior Group
O: Anterior superior iliac spine
I: Medial surface of body of tibia
F: longest flexor and rotator muscle of the thigh. Flexes abduct and rotate leg medially.

Question 17

Rectus Femoris

Answer 17

Anterior Group
O: Anterior inferior iliac spine
I: Tibial tuberosity
F: Extends and flexes thigh at a hip joint

Question 18

Gluteus Maximus

Answer 18

Posterior Gluteal Group

Forms roundness of buttocks, powerful hip extensor and lateral rotator

Question 19

Medius and Minimus

Answer 19

Posterior Gluteal Group

Abduct and medially rotate thigh at hip joint

Question 20

Adductor Magnus

Answer 20

Medial Group

- Adducts rotates and extends thigh at hip joint

Question 21

Adductor Longus

Answer 21

Medial Group

Adducts rotates and flexes thigh at hip joint

Question 22

Adductor Brevis

Answer 22

Medial Group

Adducts rotates and flexes thigh

Question 23

Gracilis

Answer 23

Medial Group

Flexes the knee/leg

Question 24

Pectineus

Answer 24

Medial Group

Adducts and flexes thigh at hip joint

Question 25

Deep Lateral Group

Answer 25

1. Piriformis
2. Superior gemellus
3. Inferior gemellus
4. Obturator internus
5. Obturator externus
6. Quadratus femoris
   F: all muscles rotate and abduct the thigh laterally

Question 26

Tensor Fasciae Latae

Answer 26

Lateral Group
O: iliac cres/spine
I: Tibia (iliotibial tract)
F: flexes and abducts thigh medially at hip joint

Question 27

Innervation

Answer 27

Lumbar Plexus (L1-L5)
Femoral Nerve –> Posterior division of lumbar plexus –> innervates the anterior and medial portion of the thigh and medial side of the leg and foot
Obtuator Nerve –> Anterior division of lumbar plexus –> innervates the medial and adductor muscles of the thigh