Chapter 8 Pt 2

Question 1

If the removal of a stimulus following a response increases the likelihood that the response will reoccur the stimulus is

Answer 1

Negative reinforcer

Question 2

What statement accurately describes evidence that imprinting in pro social birds such as chickens and geese is due to learning guided by biological predisposition

Answer 2

Hatchlings learn during critical period

Question 3

Whenever Xavier neighbors play their music loudly he bangs, his behavior is under the influence of

Answer 3

Negative reinforcement

Question 4

When a group of gosling hatch, a researcher and an adult female goose are both there to welcome them into the world. The gosling will respond by

Answer 4

Imprinting

Question 5

A stimulus that increases the likelihood of a response by removing it is a

Answer 5

Negative reinforcer

Question 6

At first a coach praises a basketball player for behaviors that are only remotely like those that will sink a basket. The coach is using a training strategy called :

Answer 6

Shaping

Question 7

Peggy works as seamstress for a woman’s clothing store. Peggys performance is being reinforced on a ___ schedule

Answer 7

Fixed ratio

Question 8

Most contemporary researchers who study play and exploration believe that play evolved as a mechanism for ___ learning whereas exploration evolved as a mechanism for _____ learning

Answer 8

Skill, information

Question 9

Bart likes to listen to music on his radio. If Bart pounds on it what schedule is it

Answer 9

Variable ratio

Question 10

Every time Richard gets an A on his exam, his parents a are hoping to take advantage of ____

Answer 10

The law of effect

Question 11

A cue signaling the availability of a reinforcer is known as

Answer 11

Discriminative stimulus

Question 12

A variable ratio schedule would require

Answer 12

An unpredictable number of responses

Question 13

In an experiment, children who were given praise and certificates for drawing spent more time drawing. The effect is called

Answer 13

Over justification

Question 14

_____ refers to an increase in the salience or attractiveness

Answer 14

Stimulus enhancement

Question 15

If Scott reinforces a response in the presence of a particular stimulus and does not reinforce the response its serving as

Answer 15

Discriminative stimulus

Question 16

Which scenario is consistent with thorn dice

Answer 16

Since dales persistent

Question 17

A reinforcement schedule in operant conditioning that would be best if someone wants to produce a very resistant to extinction

Answer 17

Variable ratio

Question 18

For most people, receiving money after preforming some behavior would make that behavior more likely to recur in the future thus the money is

Answer 18

Positive reinforcer

Question 19

A puppy sees that its mother is licking a bottle, the puppies attraction to the bottle is known as

Answer 19

Stimulus enhancement

Question 20

A dog wanders around looking for food, he walks by a restaurant whats the behavior

Answer 20

Shaping

Question 21

Reinforcing successive approximations to a desired response is known as

Answer 21

Shaping

Question 22

Suppose that in a food preference study you deprive a group of rats of an essential nutrient and give them a variety of food. What would you predict

Answer 22

After a few days the rats would show a strong preference

Question 23

A trainer wants a chimp to sit still in a chair. She might therefore reward the chimp for staying within 5 feet. What strategy

Answer 23

Shaping

Question 24

What statement concerning conditioning of fear is true

Answer 24

Some stimuli

Question 25

In initial training for the acquisition of a response, most efficient schedule of reinforcement is ____

Answer 25

Continuous

Question 26

Ariel wanted to teach her pet fish to swim through the castle in the fish tank. What’s the conditioning called

Answer 26

Shaping

Question 27

Children in nursery school usually enjoy playing games. cognitive theory predicts the children will ____ when the reward is no longer given, which is consistent with _____

Answer 27

Have come to view the games as work; over-justification

Question 28

Which statement accurately describes evidence that imprinting in pro social birds

Answer 28

Hatchlings learn

Question 29

It makes sense that ___ schedules produce faster response rates than ____ schedules in terms of adaptiveness

Answer 29

Ratio; interval

Question 30

What reinforcement schedule produces the greatest resistance to extinction

Answer 30

Partial reinforcement, variable

Question 31

The clearest example of an operant response is a dog

Answer 31

Barks so you’ll let him outside

Question 32

Scott reinforces a response in the presence of a particular stimulus

Answer 32

Discriminative stimulus

Question 33

The consequence of a response affects the likelihood of that response

Answer 33

Operant conditioning

Question 34

In the operant procedure referred to as negative punishment, a response that is followed by

Answer 34

Removal of a stimulus, decreases

Question 35

Young lucette watches her mother care gently, and she plays with her doll gently what learning is it

Answer 35

Observational

Question 36

What are the three main methods designed for learning in nature

Answer 36

Play, observation, exploration

Question 37

A shy person has agreed to say hello to 10 people during the day, this procedure is a therapeutic use of

Answer 37

Operant conditioning

Question 38

Pavlov is to classical conditioning, as _____ is to operant conditioning

Answer 38

Skinner

Question 39

Which item is least likely to be associated with traditional behaviorist view of learning

Answer 39

Latent learning