Chapter 8 - Special senses

Question 0

5th special sense

Answer 0

equiliibrium

Question 1

4 traditional senses

Answer 1

smell taste sight and hearing

Question 2

where are most of the sensory receptors?

Answer 2

eyes; 70 percent

Question 3

diameter of an adult eye

Answer 3

1 inch

Question 4

eyelids

Answer 4

protect the eyes anteriorly

Question 5

eyelashes

Answer 5

project from the border of the eye lid

Question 6

conjunctiva

Answer 6

lines the eyelid and covers part of outer surface of the eyeball. secretes mucus to keep eyeball moist

Question 7

extrinsic eye muscles

Answer 7

6 muscles that are attached to the outer surface and produce gross eye movements

Question 8

eyeball

Answer 8

hollow sphere that has 3 layers

Question 9

fibrous layer

Answer 9

outermost layer of the eyeball; consists of protective sclera and transparent cornea

Question 10

sclera

Answer 10

thick glistening white connective tissue

“white of the eye”

Question 11

cornea

Answer 11

window through which light enters the eye

Question 12

vascular layer

Answer 12

middle layer of the eyeball

Question 13

choroid

Answer 13

blood nutritive tunic that contains a dark pigment

Question 14

ciliary body

Answer 14

two smooth muscles which the choroid is modified to form

Question 15

Pupillary Reflex

Answer 15

when the pupils constrict to see closer objects

Question 16

aqueous humor

Answer 16

clear and watery fluid that fills space between the cornea and iris, watery liquid secreted at the ciliary body that fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye and provides nourishment for the cornea, iris, and lens

Question 17

Auricle or Pinna

Answer 17

external ear

Question 18

Basal cell

Answer 18

stem-cells replaces taste buds

Question 19

tarsal glands

Answer 19

oil glands along the edge of the eyelid that lubricate the eyes

Question 20

iris

Answer 20

pigmented involuntary muscle that acts as the diaphragm of the eye

Question 21

pupil

Answer 21

rounded opening through which light passes

Question 22

sensory layer

Answer 22

innermost layer/ 2 layers

Question 23

pigmented layer

Answer 23

outer layer of the retina - made up of pigmented cells that absorb light and prevent light from scattering inside the eye

Question 24

neural layer

Answer 24

transparent inner layer of the retina that contains millions of receptor cells

Question 25

photoreceptors

Answer 25

rods

Question 26

optic nerve

Answer 26

nerve impulses that are transmitted to the optic cortex

Question 27

optic disk

Answer 27

blind spot; optic nerve leaves the eye

Question 28

fovea centralis

Answer 28

tiny pit that contains only cones

Question 29

visual acuity

Answer 29

point of sharpest vision

Question 30

vitreous humor

Answer 30

clear colorless transparent jelly that fills the posterior chamber of the eyeball. prevents the eyeball from collapsing inward

Question 31

scleral venous sinus

Answer 31

the aqueous humor drains into the blood through this; located at the junction between the iris and cornea

Question 32

glaucoma

Answer 32

vision going grey

Question 33

fundus

Answer 33

posterior wall of the eye

Question 34

optic chiasma

Answer 34

fibers from the medial side of each side cross over to the opposite side of the brain

Question 35

optic tracts

Answer 35

fibers that results from optic chiasma

Question 36

hemianopia

Answer 36

loss of the same side of the visual field of both eyes

Question 37

emmetropia

Answer 37

normal vision

Question 38

mypoia

Answer 38

near sighted

Question 39

hyperopia

Answer 39

far sighted

Question 40

mechanoreceptors

Answer 40

receptors that respond the physical forces

Question 41

external acoustic meatus

Answer 41

short, narrow chamber carved into the temporal bone of the skull

Question 42

ceruminous glands

Answer 42

secretes earwax

Question 43

ear drum

Answer 43

where sound waves hit

Question 44

middle ear/ tympanic cavity

Answer 44

small airfilled cavity within the temporal bone

Question 45

oval window

Answer 45

membrane that covers the opening between the middle ear and inner ear

Question 46

ossicles

Answer 46

small bones - transmit volume of the eardrum to the fluids of the inner ear

Question 47

internal ear

Answer 47

maze of bony chambers called the osseous labryinth

Question 48

cochlea

Answer 48

a coiled bony fluid filled tube in the inner ear through which sound waves trigger nerve impulses

Question 49

perilymph

Answer 49

plasmalike fluid in the bony labyrinth

Question 50

otosclerosis

Answer 50

ruptered ear drum

Question 51

chemoreceptors

Answer 51

receptors for taste