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Anatomy > Chapter 8 - Special senses > Flashcards

Chapter 8 - Special senses Flashcards

0
Q

5th special sense

A

equiliibrium

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1
Q

4 traditional senses

A

smell taste sight and hearing

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2
Q

where are most of the sensory receptors?

A

eyes; 70 percent

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3
Q

diameter of an adult eye

A

1 inch

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4
Q

eyelids

A

protect the eyes anteriorly

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5
Q

eyelashes

A

project from the border of the eye lid

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6
Q

conjunctiva

A

lines the eyelid and covers part of outer surface of the eyeball. secretes mucus to keep eyeball moist

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7
Q

extrinsic eye muscles

A

6 muscles that are attached to the outer surface and produce gross eye movements

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8
Q

eyeball

A

hollow sphere that has 3 layers

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9
Q

fibrous layer

A

outermost layer of the eyeball; consists of protective sclera and transparent cornea

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10
Q

sclera

A

thick glistening white connective tissue

“white of the eye”

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11
Q

cornea

A

window through which light enters the eye

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12
Q

vascular layer

A

middle layer of the eyeball

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13
Q

choroid

A

blood nutritive tunic that contains a dark pigment

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14
Q

ciliary body

A

two smooth muscles which the choroid is modified to form

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15
Q

Pupillary Reflex

A

when the pupils constrict to see closer objects

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16
Q

aqueous humor

A

clear and watery fluid that fills space between the cornea and iris, watery liquid secreted at the ciliary body that fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye and provides nourishment for the cornea, iris, and lens

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17
Q

Auricle or Pinna

A

external ear

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18
Q

Basal cell

A

stem-cells replaces taste buds

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19
Q

tarsal glands

A

oil glands along the edge of the eyelid that lubricate the eyes

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20
Q

iris

A

pigmented involuntary muscle that acts as the diaphragm of the eye

21
Q

pupil

A

rounded opening through which light passes

22
Q

sensory layer

A

innermost layer/ 2 layers

23
Q

pigmented layer

A

outer layer of the retina - made up of pigmented cells that absorb light and prevent light from scattering inside the eye

24
Q

neural layer

A

transparent inner layer of the retina that contains millions of receptor cells

25
Q

photoreceptors

A

rods

26
Q

optic nerve

A

nerve impulses that are transmitted to the optic cortex

27
Q

optic disk

A

blind spot; optic nerve leaves the eye

28
Q

fovea centralis

A

tiny pit that contains only cones

29
Q

visual acuity

A

point of sharpest vision

30
Q

vitreous humor

A

clear colorless transparent jelly that fills the posterior chamber of the eyeball. prevents the eyeball from collapsing inward

31
Q

scleral venous sinus

A

the aqueous humor drains into the blood through this; located at the junction between the iris and cornea

32
Q

glaucoma

A

vision going grey

33
Q

fundus

A

posterior wall of the eye

34
Q

optic chiasma

A

fibers from the medial side of each side cross over to the opposite side of the brain

35
Q

optic tracts

A

fibers that results from optic chiasma

36
Q

hemianopia

A

loss of the same side of the visual field of both eyes

37
Q

emmetropia

A

normal vision

38
Q

mypoia

A

near sighted

39
Q

hyperopia

A

far sighted

40
Q

mechanoreceptors

A

receptors that respond the physical forces

41
Q

external acoustic meatus

A

short, narrow chamber carved into the temporal bone of the skull

42
Q

ceruminous glands

A

secretes earwax

43
Q

ear drum

A

where sound waves hit

44
Q

middle ear/ tympanic cavity

A

small airfilled cavity within the temporal bone

45
Q

oval window

A

membrane that covers the opening between the middle ear and inner ear

46
Q

ossicles

A

small bones - transmit volume of the eardrum to the fluids of the inner ear

47
Q

internal ear

A

maze of bony chambers called the osseous labryinth

48
Q

cochlea

A

a coiled bony fluid filled tube in the inner ear through which sound waves trigger nerve impulses

49
Q

perilymph

A

plasmalike fluid in the bony labyrinth

50
Q

otosclerosis

A

ruptered ear drum

51
Q

chemoreceptors

A

receptors for taste

Anatomy (3 decks)

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