Chapter 8 - Static Assessments Flashcards
Pattern overload
Occurs when a segment of the body is repeatedly moved or chronically held in the same way, leading to a state of muscle overactivity
Static positions of Lower crossed syndrome
Head: Neutral to forward Cervical spine: Normal to extended Thoracic spine: Normal to rounded Shoulders: Neutral to rounded Lumbar spine: Neutral to excessive lordosis, possible lateral shift Pelvis: Anterior tilt Hip joints: Flexed or neutral Knee joints: Flexed or hyperextended Ankle joints: Neutral or plantar flexed
What is the CES Assessment flow?
Client intake ->
Static Postural Assessment->
OHSA and modified OHSA->
S/L squat and/or split squat assessment ->
Dynamic (optional) and/or loaded(optional) -> Mobility Assessments ->
Corrective Exercise Programming
Muscles prone to imbalance: LPHC and Lower Body
Overactive/shortened: Gastrocnemius, Hamstrings, Hip adductors, Piriformis, Psoas, Quadratus lumborum, Rectus femoris, Soleus, Tensor fascia latae
Underactive/lengthened: Gluteus maximus and medius,
Fibularis (peroneal) muscles, Rectus abdominis,
Tibialis anterior and posterior, Transverse abdominis
Vastus medialis and lateralis
Upper-crossed syndrome
Forward head, hyperextended cervical spine, rounded shoulders
Lordotic posture
Excessive lumbar lordosis & anterior pelvic tilt
Lateral lumbar shift, lateral leg rotation, and knees slightly flexed or hyperextended
5 kinetic chain check points:
- Foot and ankle
- Knee
- Lumbo-pelvic-hip complex (LPHC)
- Shoulders and thoracic spine
- Head and cervical spine
Kyphosis
Natural curvature of the thoracic spine toward the back of the body
Muscle Activity of Upper crossed syndrome
Overactive/shortened: Cervical extensors, Pectorals (major and minor), Upper trapezius,
Levator scapulae
Underactive/lengthened: Deep neck flexors,
Rhomboids, middle/lower trapezius, Serratus anterior
Posterior view
Foot and ankle: Heels are straight and parallel, not overly pronated (flattened)
Knees: Neutral position, neither valgus nor varus
LPHC: Pelvis level to the horizon
Shoulders/scapulae: Level, not elevated nor rounded forward
Head: Neutral position, neither tilted nor rotated
Pes planus distortion syndrome
A postural distortion pattern characterized by flat feet, knee valgus, and an anterior pelvic tilt.
Muscle Activity of Lower crossed syndrome
Overactive/shortened: Hip flexors, Lumbar extensors, Gastrocnemius/soleus
Underactive/lengthened: Abdominals, Gluteus maximus and medius, Hamstrings
Pes Planus static positions
Pelvis: Anterior tilt
Hip joints: Internally rotated
Knee joints: Valgus, flexed
Ankle joints: Pronated (flattened, pes planus)
Muscle activity of lordotic posture
Overactive/shortened:
Hip flexors, Internal obliques (upper),
Lumbar extensors
Underactive/lengthened: Abdominals (external obliques) Hip extensors (hamstrings)
Postural distortion
Malalignments of bodily segments that place undue stress on the joints; for example, poor posture at one or more of the kinetic chain checkpoints
Lateral view
Foot and ankle: Neutral position, leg vertical at a right angle to the sole of foot
Knees: Neutral position, not flexed nor hyperextended
LPHC: Pelvis in neutral position, not anteriorly nor posteriorly rotated
Shoulders: In line with the hips and ears
Head: Neutral position, not in cervical extension (jutting forward)
Muscle Activity of lordotic posture
Overactive/shortened: Cervical extensors, Pectoralis minor, Shoulder adductors, Upper trapezius and levator scapulae, Anterior abdominals and intercostals, Internal obliques (upper and lateral fibers), Hip extensors (hamstrings)
Underactive/lengthened:
Cervical flexors, Thoracic extensors, Trapezius (middle and lower), Lumbar extensors, Hip flexors (iliopsoas)
Muscle Activity for kyphosis-lordosis
Overactive/shortened:
Cervical extensors,
Upper trapezius and levator scapulae,
Shoulder adductors, Intercostals, Pectoralis minor
Internal obliques (upper and lateral), Hip flexors (iliopsoas), Lumbar extensors
Underactive/lengthened: Cervical flexors, Thoracic extensors, Trapezius (middle and lower), Anterior abdominals (external obliques), Hip extensors (hamstrings)
Static positions of Upper crossed syndrome
Head: Forward Cervical spine: Extended Thoracic spine: Excessive kyphosis Shoulders: Rounded, elevated (scapular winging) Lumbar spine: Normal curve or extended Pelvis: Neutral Hip joints: Neutral or slightly flexed Knee joints: Neutral or slightly flexed Ankle joints: Neutral
Main factors related to postural imbalance
Chronic suboptimal postures Habitual repetitive movements Acute injuries Recovery from surgery Incompletely rehabilitated past injuries
Muscles prone to imbalance: Upper Body
Overactive/shortened: Cervical extensors, Latissimus dorsi, Levator scapulae, Pectorals (major and minor), Scalenes, Sternocleidomastoid, Upper trapezius
Underactive/lengthened: Deep cervical flexors (longus coli and capitis), Middle and lower trapezius, Rhomboids, Serratus anterior
Phases of CES
Phase 1: Inhibit
Phase 2: Activate
Phase 3: Lengthen
Phase 4: Integrate
Static positions for Kyphosis-lordosis posture
Head: Forward Cervical spine: Extended Thoracic spine: Excessive kyphosis Shoulders: Rounded, elevated Lumbar spine: Excessive lordosis, possible lateral shift Pelvis: Anterior tilt Hip joints: Flexed Knee joints: Flexed or hyperextended Ankle joints: Neutral or plantar flexed
Muscle activity of layered crossed syndrome
Overactive/shortened:
Cervical extensors,
Pectorals (major and minor), Upper trapezius,
Levator scapulae, Hip flexors, Lumbar extensors,
Gastrocnemius/soleus
Underactive/lengthened: Deep neck flexors, Rhomboids, middle/lower trapezius, Serratus anterior, Anterior abdominals, Hip extensors (hamstrings), Gluteus maximus and medius
