Chapter 9

Question 1

Commercial agriculture characterized by the integration of different steps in the food processing industry, usually through ownership by large corporations

Answer 1

Agribusiness

Question 2

The process that begin when human beings first domesticated plants and animals and no longer rely entirely and hunting and gathering

Answer 2

Agricultural revolution

Question 3

Deliberate effort to modify portion of the earth surface through the cultivation of crops and raising of Livestock for assistance or economic growth

Answer 3

agriculture

Question 4

The cultivation of seafood under controlled conditions

Answer 4

Aquaculture 

Question 5

A crop that is grown for sale, rather than for the farmers own use

Answer 5

Cash crop

Question 6

A grass that yields grain for food

Answer 6

Cereal grain

Question 7

The transfer of plants and animals, as well as people, culture, and technology, between the western hemisphere and Europe, as a result of European colonization and trade

Answer 7

Columbian exchange

Question 8

Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm

Answer 8

Commercial agriculture

Question 9

Relatively small scale production of fruits, vegetables, and other horticulture

Answer 9

Commercial gardening and fruit farming

Question 10

A method of soil cultivation that reduces soil erosion and runoff

Answer 10

Conservation tillage

Question 11

Any plant gathered from a field as a harvest during a particular season

Answer 11

Crop

Question 12

The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to Crop each year to avoid exhaust in the soil

Answer 12

Crop rotation

Question 13

A form of commercial agriculture that specializes in the production of milk and other dairy products

Answer 13

Dairy farm

Question 14

Degradation of land, especially in semi arid areas, primarily because of human actions such as excessive crop planting, animal grazing, and tree cutting. Also known as semi arid land degration

Answer 14

Desertification

Question 15

 The amount of food that an individual consumes, measured in kilocalories

Answer 15

Dietary energy consumption

Question 16

Harvesting twice a year from the same field

Answer 16

Double cropping

Question 17

The capture of wild fish and other seafood living in the waters

Answer 17

Fishing

Question 18

Physical, social, and economic access at all times to save nutritious food sufficient to meet dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life

Answer 18

Food security

Question 19

A living organism that possesses a novel combination of genetic material obtain through use of modern bio technology

Answer 19

GMO

Question 20

Seed of cereal grass

Answer 20

Grain

Question 21

Rapid diffusion of new agriculture technology, especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers

Answer 21

Green revolution

Question 22

 A chemical to control unwanted plants

Answer 22

Herbicide

Question 23

Growing fruits, vegetables, flowers, And tree crops

Answer 23

Horticulture

Question 24

A form of subsistence agriculture characteristic of Asia’s Major population concentrations in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to reduce the maximum feasible yield for my parcel of land

Answer 24

Intensive subsistence agriculture

Question 25

The area surrounding a city from which milk is supplied

Answer 25

Milk shed

Question 26

Commercial farming characterized by integration of crops and livestock most of the crops are fed the animals rather than consume directly by humans

Answer 26

Mixed crop and livestock farming

Question 27

The practice of growing the same single Crop year after year

Answer 27

Monocropping

Question 28

Farming practice that leaves all of the soil undisturbed and the entire residue of the previous years harvest left untouched in the field

Answer 28

No tillage

Question 29

Farming that depends on the use of naturally occurring substance is well prohibiting or strictly limiting synthetic substances, such as herbicides, pesticides, and growth hormones

Answer 29

Organic agriculture

Question 30

Capturing Fish faster then they can reproduce

Answer 30

Overfishing

Question 31

The Malay word for Wet rice, increasingly used to describe a flooded field

Answer 31

Paddy

Question 32

A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals

Answer 32

Pastoral nomadism

Question 33

A substance To control pests, including weeds

Answer 33

Pesticide

Question 34

A large farm in tropical and sub tropical climates that specializes in the production of one or two crops for sale, usually two a more developed country

Answer 34

Plantation

Question 35

A form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graises over an extensive area

Answer 35

Ranching

Question 36

The system of planting crops on ridge tops in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation

Answer 36

Ridge tillage

Question 37

A flooded field for growing rice

Answer 37

Sawah

Question 38

 An increase in agricultural productivity through improvement of crop rotation and breeding of livestock, beginning in the United Kingdom in the 17th century

Answer 38

Second agricultural revolution

Question 39

A form of subsistance agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left to follow for a relatively long period

Answer 39

Shifting cultivation

Question 40

Agriculture designed primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmers family

Answer 40

Subsistence agriculture

Question 41

Seasonal migration of livestock between mountain and lowland pasture area

Answer 41

Transhumance

Question 42

Commercial gardening and fruit farm in, surname for the middle English word truck, meeting barter or exchange of commodities

Answer 42

Truck farming 

Question 43

Dietary energy consumption that is continuously below the minimum requirement for maintaining a healthy life and carrying out light physical activity

Answer 43

Under nourishment

Question 44

Rice planted on dry land in a nursery that moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth

Answer 44

Wet rice