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Socials 11 > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Government

A

a decision-making system

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2
Q

traditions

A

established rules and practices

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3
Q

Democracy

A
  • means “rule by the people”

- first practiced by ancient greeks

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4
Q

direct democracy

A

when every eligible citizen participates directly by voting on all decisions that affect society

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5
Q

representative democracies

A

ex. Canada

- allow elected representatives to make decisions on their behalf

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6
Q

constitutional monarchy

A

the recgonition of a monarch as head of state

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7
Q

What is the constitution?

A

a legal document that outlines who should have the power to make various decisions
- everyone (including monarchy) must follow laws

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8
Q

3 main parts of the constitution

A
  • description of the powers and authority of of provincial legislatures and Parliment
  • a Charter of Rights and Freedoms (outline basic rights and responsibilites of Canadians)
  • an amending formula that shows how the Constitution may be changed or altered (7/10 provinces must agree)
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9
Q

federal system

A

an organization of regional governments (provinces) each acting on behalf of its own residents with a central government in Ottawa
- sometimes reffered to federalism

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10
Q

residual powers

A
  • leftover powers
  • powers that the federal government takes care of that wasnt listed in/didnt exist when the confederation was made
    ex. cable tv, computers, modems, faxes
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11
Q

Federal responsibilites

A
  • national defense
  • foreign policy
  • postal services
  • banking system
  • marriage & divorce law
  • criminal law
  • federal prisions
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12
Q

federal and provincial responsibilites

A
  • immigration
  • agriculture
  • health care
  • natural resources
  • environmental issues
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13
Q

provincial responsibilites

A
  • education
  • charities
  • health services & hospitals
  • licences
  • highways
  • provincial court system
  • provincial police & prisions
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14
Q

branches of government (canada)

A

executive power, legislative power, judicial power

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15
Q

executive power

A
  • power to make decisions and administer them (through civil service)
    ex. municipal: inspect businesses,
    ex. provincial: # exams a student needs to write
    ex. federal: decide to purchase helicopter for defense
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16
Q

legislative power

A
  • power to make laws

- all levels have power to make and amend laws

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17
Q

judicial power

A
  • power to interpret and adminster the law
  • this branch is seperate from goverment
  • power rests w/ courts and judges
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18
Q

Legislative branch

A

House of commons, GG, senate

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19
Q

House of Commons

A
  • only part w/ elected members
  • elections must occur every 5 yrs
  • canada is divided into ridings which elect 1 candidate to represent them
  • MP’s (member’s of parliment)
  • number of seats is determined by population
  • legislative branch
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20
Q

speaker of the house

A

an elected MP

  • has a range of duties
  • oversees the impartial operation of the Parliament (including PM)
21
Q

the offical opposition

A
  • scrutinize the actions of the government

- helps ensures all Canadian views are heard

22
Q

offical leader of the opposition

A

the leader of the second largest party

23
Q

caucus

A
  • private meetings by the political parties
  • explain propositions, concerns, actions, policies
  • MP’s allowed to express their opinion
  • however in the House of Commons they are expected to vote with their party
24
Q

free vote

A

allows members of the legislature to vote accodring to what they believe instead of following their party

  • rarely happens
  • usally moral issues
25
Q

senate

A
  • appoints its own speaker/ runs own affairs
  • GG appoints senate on PM reccomandation
    • must be 30+ yrs, live where they represent, own property
  • can introduce bills, debate, pass them/send to commons
  • # senates depend on population of region
  • legislative branch
26
Q

patronage

A
  • reward

- senate position is often a form of patronage for their loyalty/support of PM

27
Q

executive branch

A

GG, PM, cabinet, public service

28
Q

GG

A
  • monarch’s representative
  • gives formal assent (agreement) to a bill before it becomes a law
  • performs ceremonial functions
  • acts as an adviser to government
29
Q

PM

A
  • leader of the political party w/ most elected representatives
  • has jobs to do as head of government, national leader and party leader
30
Q

political party

A

an organization of individuals who support a set of common goals and beliefs

31
Q

PM jobs - head of government

A
  • asks GG to name new judges & senators
  • decides on best time for election
  • has the final say in creating the policies of government in party
32
Q

PM jobs - national leader

A
  • address Canadians on issues of concern
  • explains his party’s goals
  • represents canada on trips/ meetings
33
Q

PM jobs - party leader

A
  • acts as spokesperosn
  • rewards loyal supporters
  • government ops - businesses
  • leads other party members in parliment
34
Q

cabinet

A
  • made up of elected PM’s chosen by PM

- usually each member is responsible for a department

35
Q

party whip

A
  • ensures that members are present in Parliment/support party bills and vote
36
Q

public service

A

AKA civil service/ bureaucracy

  • group of permanent emplyees who perfrom the ongoing businesses of gov.
  • jobs have a lrg. range ex. statistics, details for new laws, collect taxes, deliver mail
37
Q

private member’s bill

A

a bill that was introduced by a member of the house of commons that is not a member of the cabinet

38
Q

14 steps from bill to law

A 
Cabinet Minister has idea for bill
1. Idea explained to cabinet
2. Cabinet approves idea
3. Lawyers draft bill
4. Cabinet committee examines bill
5. Cabinet and caucus approve bill
6. Bill introduced to House of Commons or Senate for first reading
7. Second reading
8. House debates and votes on principle of bill
9. Parliamentary committee examines bill
10. House amends bill
11. Third reading, debate and vote
12. Bill passes house
13. Senate (or HC) examines, debates and amends bill
14. Bill passes senate
GG gives formal assent; bill is now law
39
Q

Where do citizens have say in lawmaking process?

A

after the second reading

- multi-party standing committee is assigned to study the bill - who often let public have say

40
Q

Federal vs Provincial

A 
GG : Lieutenant-Governor
PM : Premier
Cabinet: Cabinet
House of Commons :Legislative/National Assembly
Senate : NA
Public Service : Public Service
41
Q

name of leader of city council

A

mayor / reeve / chairperson / overseer/ warden

42
Q

Mayor’s jobs/duties

A
  • head of city council
  • acts as spokesperson for whole community
  • in charge of day to day ops of departments
43
Q

city council duty

A

approves budgets of departments

44
Q

city departments duty

A

enforce by-laws passed by council

45
Q

voters

A
  • elect councillors, one from each ward
  • elect mayor
  • pay fees to departments (recieve service back)
46
Q

Aboriginal self-government

A
  • use bands councils /elders
  • leader is a chief
  • deal w/ premier and federal ministers (more than a mayor)
  • chief negotiates w/ government issues (licences highway access, education)
  • negotiate increaded powers/control governing their own affairs
47
Q

1867

A

BNA act

Constitution created

48
Q

1982

A

Constitution amended

49
Q

List for areas for which provincial governments are responsible

A

Education
Health and social welfare
Environment
Transportation

Socials 11 (15 decks)

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