Chapter 9

Question 1

Leptin

Answer 1

a hormone that appears to depress appetite

Question 2

ghrelin

Answer 2

a hormone that contributes to feelings of hunger

Question 3

energy balance

Answer 3

the state of consuming a number of calories that is equal to the number expended. Over a long term, energy balance results in maintenance of a constant body weight

Question 4

resting metabolic rate

Answer 4

RMR, the amount of energy expended during all sedentary activities

Question 5

exercise metabolic rate

Answer 5

EMR, the amount of energy expended during any form of exercise

Question 6

anorexia nervosa

Answer 6

an eating disorder in which a person severely restricts caloric intake because of and intense fear of gaining weight

Question 7

bulimia nervosa

Answer 7

an eating disorder that involves over eating (called binge eating) followed by vomiting (called purging)

Question 8

binge eating disorder

Answer 8

the compulsive need to gorge on food without purging

Question 9

T/F: the key to weight loss is to not eat snacks

Answer 9

F

Question 10

T/F: Low-carbohydrate diets are the only ones that really work

Answer 10

F

Question 11

T/f: Your genes determine whether you’ll be obese

Answer 11

F

Question 12

T/F: A successful weight management program involves both diet and exercise

Answer 12

T

Question 13

T/F: Anorexia nervosa occurs only in women

Answer 13

F

Question 14

This estimated number of Americans go on a diet each year

Answer 14

50-70 million

Question 15

This percent of individuals maintain thair weight loss for 5 years after completing the programs

Answer 15

5%

Question 16

Healthy body fat percentages for men and women

Answer 16

8-19% men, 21-32% women

Question 17

T/F: you can calculate your optimal body weight using your percent body fat and current body weight

Answer 17

T

Question 18

This percent of the population has a rare condition that account for extreme obesity

Answer 18

1%

Question 19

These two conditions can account for extreme obesity

Answer 19

Prader-Willi syndrome, and Bardet-Biedl syndrome

Question 20

This area of the brain manages appetite

Answer 20

hypothalamus

Question 21

This hormone is produced in fat cells and released into the blood

Answer 21

leptin

Question 22

T/F: controversial evidence shows that moderate-intensity resistance and cardiorespiratory exercise can suppress ghrelin production, as well as gastric bypass surgery

Answer 22

T

Question 23

T/F: carbohydrates are the best at suppressing ghrelin production over a long time

Answer 23

F, protein is the best for long periods, but carb’s do work for short periods

Question 24

T/F: Eatting habits become ingrained as part of family practices and may be difficult to change

Answer 24

T

Question 25

Body fat stores are regulated by these two factors

Answer 25

1. Rate at which fat is ingested or synthesized and stored in fat cells 2. rate at which energy is expended and fat is metabolized and used for fuel

Question 26

The RMR represents approximately this percent of the total daily energy expenditure in sedentary individuals

Answer 26

90%

Question 27

These factors influence RMR

Answer 27

Age, gender, amount of lean body mass

Question 28

The energy require to maintain muscle tissue is ___ than the energy required to maintain fat tissue

Answer 28

greater

Question 29

EMR represents approximately this percent of total daily expenditure in sedentary individuals

Answer 29

10%

Question 30

EMR can account for this percent range of total daily energy expenditure in actiuve individuals

Answer 30

20-40%

Question 31

During heavy exercise EMR may be this many times greater then RMR

Answer 31

10-20 times

Question 32

It is estimated that this many americans use diet supplements in an effort to lose weight

Answer 32

40 million

Question 33

T/F: Many supplements are highly tested and regulated, and are proven to work

Answer 33

F

Question 34

What is the recommended maximum weight loss per week

Answer 34

1-2 lbs

Question 35

T/F: diets associated with more then 2 lbs per week don't show any evedence of significant loss of lean body mass

Answer 35

F

Question 36

What amount of calories taken out of a diet is requried to lose 1 pound per week

Answer 36

3500 calories

Question 37

Four steps to keep lost weight off

Answer 37

1. establish realistic goals for weight loss 2. assess and modify your diet 3. plan your physical activites 4. focus on behavior modification

Question 38

Approximately this percent of fat loss occurs in the body regions with the highest fat storage

Answer 38

90%

Question 39

atkins diet

Answer 39

popular very low carb diet. Holds carbs to 20-30% of total caloric intake

Question 40

The zone diet

Answer 40

diet program that centers on a 40:30:30 ratio of carbs, protein, fat. Concidered a low carb diet

Question 41

Ornish Diet

Answer 41

vegitarian low fat diet, recomments a 70:20:10 ratio of carbs, protein, fats

Question 42

LEARN diet

Answer 42

lifestyle, exercise, attitudes, relationships, and nutrition diet, recomments a 60:30:10 ratio of carbs, protein, fats. low fat diet

Question 43

T/F: the word diet means calorie reduction

Answer 43

F

Question 44

T/F; Fat is the primary fuel during high intensity exercise

Answer 44

F

Question 45

This percent of VO2 max is optimal intensity of exercise for burning the most fat during an endurance exercise workout

Answer 45

50-70%

Question 46

If you are overweight or have a low fitness level it is okay to start your intensity of your work outs at this percent of your VO2 max

Answer 46

25-50%

Question 47

How much exercise must you perform during a weight loss program

Answer 47

enough to burn atleast 250 calories per session,

Question 48

T/F: both high and low intensity workouts can promote weight loss

Answer 48

T

Question 49

What are the two types of weight loss surgeries

Answer 49

restrictive, and malabsorbtive

Question 50

restrictive procedures

Answer 50

such as gastric banding, work by decreasing the amount of food consumed at one time

Question 51

malabsorptive procedures

Answer 51

alter digestion by bypassing the small intestine

Question 52

What is the only FDA approved weight loss drug that acts to block fat absorption

Answer 52

Orlistat

Question 53

Meridia, and xenical are to weight loss medications that work by

Answer 53

increasing serotonin levels in the brain

Question 54

The average mannequin is __ tall and has a ___ waist, while the average woman is ___ tall and has a ___ waist

Answer 54

6 foot, 23 inch, 5 foot 4 inches, 30 inch

Question 55

This ratio of adolescent girls suffer from anorexia nervosa, with an average age onset of

Answer 55

1/100, 14-18 years old

Question 56

Who has the highest likelihood of developing anorexia nervosa

Answer 56

upper-middle-class young women who are extremely self critical

Question 57

Three ways people with anorexia nervosa stay thin

Answer 57

excessive exercise, starvation, laxatives

Question 58

This percentage of people with anorexia nervosa eventually suffer from bulimia nervosa

Answer 58

50%

Question 59

Bulimia nervosa effects this range of percentages of adolescents in the U.S.

Answer 59

1-3%

Question 60

Bulimia nervosa generally begins in this stage of ones life

Answer 60

late adolescence or early adult life

Question 61

This many calories is needed to gain one pound of muscle

Answer 61

2500

Question 62

The initial weight loss of low-carb diets is primarily

Answer 62

water weight

Question 63

resting metabolic rate is a combination of ____ and energy require to preform sedentary activities

Answer 63

basal metabolic rate

Question 64

moderate intensity work outs have been shown to ____ and ____

Answer 64

reduce appetite and suppress ghrelin