Chapter 9

Question 1

When was the republic formed?
What was Louis renamed?
What was his nickname?

Answer 1

Sep 1792-1804
Louis Capet
Louis the last (implies want of republic without a monarch)

Question 2

When was the republican calendar in use?
When did time begin?

Answer 2

1793-1805
When monarchy ended

Question 3

How well were the deputies of the new convention cooperating?
What favouritism caused disagreements between the deputies?

Answer 3

Disagreements outweigh shared beliefs
Esp on Louis Capet
Jacobins & Girondins (both revs)

Question 4

What was the differing view between Jacobins & Girondins?

Answer 4

G = protect & consolidate gains already achieved
J saw this as only a starting point

Question 5

What were the shared beliefs of J leaning & G leaning deputies?

Answer 5

Support republic gov
Support war & french victory
Further enlightened reform to improve gov, economy & society

Question 6

Where did the J have a support base?
How did they want control spread in gov?

Answer 6

Paris
Increased central control

Question 7

Where did G have a support base?
How did they want control spread in gov?

Answer 7

Wide support in provinces
Decentralisation

Question 8

What were J & G attitudes towards sans-culottes?
How did they respond to SC demands?

Answer 8

Favoured by SC
Ready to respond

Feared SC activism
Wanted a free market to prevent curbs in liberty

Question 9

What was the J & G approach to get power?

Answer 9

J = radical
G = moderate

Question 10

What did Jacobins & Girondins want to happen to Louis Capet?

Answer 10

J = put on trial & executed
G = hesitant to act
Accepted guilt but less inclined to supp death penalty

Question 11

Who did most deputies in ‘the plain’ support?
What was this undermined by?

Answer 11

Girondins
Fickle loyalties & oft %

Question 12

What did deputy const agreements cause?
What was done to solve this?
What made it hard to achieve anything?

Answer 12

Unproductiveness
Const committee (Sieyes & Danton) to draw up new const proposals
Arguments

Question 13

Who did the Girondins see as potential dictators?

Answer 13

Jacobin induviduals:
Robespierre
Danton
Marat

Question 14

What did the jacobins accuse the Girondins of?

Answer 14

Lacking faith in the rev
Attempting to form own party to block legitimate change

Question 15

What committed Girondins to war?
Why?

Answer 15

Dumouriez (G) victory over Austrians
To spread enlightenment & rev ideas across Europe

Question 16

How did Girondins win support for
Some provocative decrees?
What was the decree on 16 Nov 1792?
19 Nov?

Answer 16

spreading enlightenment & rev ideas across Europe through war

River Scheldt made open to river traffic
‘Liberty should be east & tyranny overthrown’

Edict of fraternity promised ‘fraternity & assistance to all people who wish to recover their liberty’

Question 17

While g had victory externally, where did j have victory?

Answer 17

At home

Question 18

What were the repercussions of war (Austria)?

Answer 18

Increased inflation
Sporadic peasant rioting in west France

Question 19

Who was in favour for Louis’ death?
Who feared action?
Why?
When was this debated?

Answer 19

Robespierre & J
G
Could provoke unrest & civil war
Nov-Dec 1792

Question 20

What committee was set up on Nov 1st?

Answer 20

To consider legal problems of the trial

Question 21

What proved the kings counter rev activities?
20 Nov

Answer 21

Discovery of bod in Tuileries palace
Papers if correspondence with royal Austrian family

Question 22

What decision was taken on Dec 3?
What was the convention to act as during the trial?
What was this doubtful of?

Answer 22

To try Louis
Judge & jury
Legality

Question 23

What did Robespierre argue on Dec 4?
What was drawn up to present to Louis?

Answer 23

Immediate death for country to live
King already judged by the people

Indictment

Question 24

What was read to Louis Dec 11?
What did it question?
What did it state?

Answer 24

Indictment
Louis conduct from start of E-G
Louis a threat to future of France & republic

Question 25

What was Louis defence on Dec 26?

Answer 25

Lawyers argued king couldn’t be accused of treason
Rejected

Question 26

What did G propose on dec 27?
Who refused this?
Why?

Answer 26

Referendum for the people to determine verdict & punishment of Louis
J & ‘the Plain’ (despite being more G leaning but loyalties fickle)
Fear of undermining elected delegates

Question 27

What did the convention vote on on in Jan 1793?

Answer 27

3 questions:
Guilt of king
All voted guilty with some abstentions

Should there be a referendum?
2/3 rejected

Votes on Louis sentence

Question 28

What 5 options were there to vote on the fate of the king & their results?

Answer 28

2 = imprisonment with irons
26 = reprive
46 = death with conditions
286 = detention & banishment or solitary confinement
361 = death without conditions

Question 29

When was the verdict in the fate of the king read?
When was Louis Capet executed?

Answer 29

Jan 20, 1793
21

Question 30

How far did Louis have to travel to be executed?
When had the guillotine been set up?

Answer 30

2 hours from the temple to ‘Place de la Revolution’
Oct 1792 (month before committee set up to decide on fate of king)

Question 31

How did Louis approach death?
What were his last words?
What cries were heard after his decapitated head was held up to the crowd?

Answer 31

Boldly
Idk, drowned out by drumroll
‘Long live the republic’

Question 32

What was the indictment?
When?

Answer 32

French people accuse Louis of committing crimes to establish his tyranny by destroying its liberty

December 11, 1792

Question 33

What was the 1st accusation of the indictment?
3rd
6th
15th
32nd
33rd

Answer 33

1. Locking of doors leading to tennis oath
2. Brought 20,000 troops to Paris
3. Flight to Varennes
4. War with Austria
5. Storming of Tuileries
6. ‘You caused the blood of Frenchmen to flow’

Question 34

What was Louis a symbol of that caused his execution?
Why did this make him a threat?

Answer 34

Ancien regime
Republic not secure until he’s executed

Question 35

When was Marie Antoinette executed?
On what charges?

Answer 35

16 Oct 1793
9 months after Louis
Treason

Question 36

When was Marie Antoinette indicted?
How did she spent the last two months of her life?

Answer 36

Aug 1793
Living in squalor
Stripped of luxury, looked like a normal citizen
(Hated by public for extravagance)

Question 37

How many of they royal children died?

Answer 37

7/8

Question 38

Why was the current foreign policy a reason for Louis execution in 1793?

Answer 38

War with Austria
People thought Louis would use potential loss to reassert power through his personal alliance with Austria

Question 39

What law did Louis prevent in 1792 that showed constitutional monarchy wouldn’t work?

Answer 39

Law to make emigre nobles traitors

Question 40

During 1792 discussions on the fate of the king, what made Louis position worse?

Answer 40

Brunswick Manifesto

Question 41

What was the Brunswick Manifesto a promise of?
What did it show about Louis?

Answer 41

Austrian-Prussian armies would revenge Paris if harm came to royal family
In communication with France’s Enimies (currently at war with also)

Question 42

When was the storming of the Tuileries?
Who orchestrated the storming?
Events

Answer 42

1792
Sans-culottes

March on Versailles
Guards defected
2 hour battle

Question 43

What happens to the king during the storming of the Tuileries?

Answer 43

Imprisoned
Temporary suspension of kings powers

Question 44

What is the outcome of the storming of the Tuileries?

Answer 44

New convention created (not a const)
=> republic & const monarchy has failed