Chapter 9

Question 1

For infection to occur, each of the following conditions must be present except one. Which one is the exception?
A) An appropriate portal of entry into the host
B) A pathogen
C) An acceptable barrier
D) A susceptible host

Answer 1

C) An acceptable barrier

Question 2

Which of these statements is false?
A) Microbial aerosols are pathogens present in blood that cause disease in humans.
B) Asepsis means “freedom from infection.”
C) An antiseptic is an agent used on living tissue to kill or reduce numbers of bacteria.
D) Contamination is soiling by contact or mixing.

Answer 2

A) Microbial aerosols are pathogens present in blood that cause disease in humans.

Question 3

To break the chain of infection, each of the following must be considered except one. Which one is the exception?
A) Use sterilization and high-level disinfectants.
B) Block the entrance/exit portals of transmission.
C) Practice good hand hygiene.
D) Make contact with contaminated objects or instruments.

Answer 3

D) Make contact with contaminated

Question 4

Each of the following statements regarding personal protective equipment is correct except one. Which one is the exception?
A) Protective clothing should be laundered weekly.
B) Protection from aerosols may be achieved through the use of a mask.
C) Protective eyewear protects the eye area from aerosols and spatter.
D) Hands should be washed before gloving and after removing gloves.

Answer 4

A) Protective clothing should be laundered weekly.

Question 5

Each of the following types of protective eyewear is acceptable for use by the dental radiographer except one. Which one is the exception?
A) Glasses with side shields
B) Goggles
C) Contact lenses
D) Full face shields

Answer 5

C) Contact lenses

Question 6

Each of the following statements regarding the use of daylight loader attachments on automatic processors is correct except one. Which one is the exception?
A) The operator must remove the light filter cover when placing and removing items.
B) The advantage of these devices is that time-saving shortcuts are acceptable.
C) Clean, dry hands can be slid through light-tight baffles to access the unit.
D) The key to infection control is to never slide anything through the baffles except clean, dry hands.

Answer 6

B) The advantage of these devices is that time-saving shortcuts are acceptable.

Question 7

Each of the following statements regarding the use of gloves is correct except one. Which one is the exception?
A) It is acceptable to wear rings under gloves.
B) Hands must be dried thoroughly before patient treatment gloves are put on.
C) Fingernails should be cut short and well manicured.
D) Hands should be washed thoroughly before gloving and after removing gloves.

Answer 7

A) It is acceptable to wear rings under gloves.

Question 8

Which of the following statements regarding the use of gloves is false?
A) Sterile gloves should be used for surgical procedures.
B) Use of plastic overgloves is acceptable to protect patient treatment gloves.
C) Punctured, torn, or cut gloves should be changed immediately.
D) Gloves should be washed with soap if treatment must be interrupted.

Answer 8

D) Gloves should be washed with soap if treatment must be interrupted.

Question 9

Which of the following statements regarding sterilization and disinfection is false?
A) Sterilization is accomplished by autoclaving or dry heat processes.
B) Spores are destroyed during disinfection.
C) Disinfecting agents are too toxic to be used on living tissues.
D) Intermediate-level disinfectants are hospital-grade disinfectants and tuberculocidals.

Answer 9

B) Spores are destroyed during disinfection.

Question 10

Which of these statements regarding classification of objects used in radiographic procedures is false?
A) Critical objects must be sterilized after each use.
B) Most quality-made image receptor holders are sterilizable or disposable.
C) Semicritical objects are those used to penetrate soft tissue or bone.
D) No critical instruments are used in dental radiography.

Answer 10

C) Semicritical objects are those used to penetrate soft tissue or bone.

Question 11

Prior to image receptor placement, preprocedural mouth rinses are optional because scientific evidence has not demonstrated that preprocedural mouth rinses prevent the spread of infections.
A) The first part of the statement is true. The second part of the statement is false.
B) The first part of the statement is false. The second part of the statement is true.
C) Both parts of the statement are true.
D) Both parts of the statement are false.

Answer 11

C) Both parts of the statement are true.

Question 12

Infection control procedures must be applied to each of the following body fluids except one. Which one is the exception?
A) Blood
B) Respiratory secretions
C) Sweat
D) Saliva

Answer 12

C) Sweat

Question 13

During radiographic procedures, when should hands be washed?
A) Before treating the patient
B) After treating the patient
C) Before putting on gloves
D) All of the above

Answer 13

D) All of the above

Question 14

Which of the following gloves are recommended for cleaning and disinfecting radiographic operatories and equipment?
A) Heavy-duty utility gloves
B) Plastic overgloves
C) Latex treatment gloves
D) Vinyl treatment gloves

Answer 14

A) Heavy-duty utility gloves

Question 15

What is the appropriate infection control protocol for indirect PSP plates and direct digital sensors?
A) Clean, disinfect, and cover with a plastic barrier
B) Clean, disinfect, and sterilize the sensor
C) Clean and disinfect

Answer 15

A) Clean, disinfect, and cover with a plastic barrier

Question 16

Lead aprons are classified as ________ objects.
A) critical
B) semicritical
C) noncritical

Answer 16

C) noncritical

Question 17

After patient treatment, reusable image receptor holding devices must be
A) sanitized.
B) disinfected.
C) sterilized.
D) washed.

Answer 17

C) sterilized.

Question 18

Which of the following will require adhering to infection control protocol for a semicritical object?
A) Lead apron and thyroid collar
B) Control panel and timer selector
C) Film mount and countertop
D) Image receptor holder

Answer 18

D) Image receptor holder

Question 19

Which of the following will benefit the most from using film packets with a protective barrier?
A) Manual processing
B) Automatic processing
C) Daylight loaders
D) Rapid (chairside) processing

Answer 19

C) Daylight loaders

Question 20

After aseptically removing the barriers, film packets that were packaged inside barrier envelopes may be processed with clean, dry hands because the film packets are not contaminated.
A) The first part of the statement is true. The second part of the statement is false.
B) The first part of the statement is false. The second part of the statement is true.
C) Both parts of the statement are true.
D) Both parts of the statement are false.

Answer 20

C) Both parts of the statement are true.

Question 21

A pathosis is a microorganism capable of causing disease.

Answer 21

False

Question 22

Using standard precautions, infection control protocols are carried out only if the patient is known to be infectious.

Answer 22

False

Question 23

The lead apron should be sterilized after use.

Answer 23

False

Question 24

Sterilization refers to total destruction of spores and disease-causing microorganisms.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

The radiographer should use powdered, nonsterile gloves made of latex or vinyl when placing intraoral radiographs.

Answer 25

False

Question 26

Sterilization is the use of a chemical or physical procedure to reduce the pathogens to an acceptable level on inanimate objects.

Answer 26

False

Question 27

Semicritical objects must be sterilized after use.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

Barrier materials should be placed over surfaces likely to be contaminated during radiographic procedures such as the PID and tube head, control panel, exposure switch, and countertops.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

Noncritical objects are those that do not come into contact with mucous membranes.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

The radiographer should be able to aseptically open all film packets in a full mouth series in a timely manner to avoid excessive exposure to safelight.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

Protective clothing, mask, and eyewear should be in place prior to putting on patient treatment gloves.

Answer 31

True

Question 32

Darkroom counter surfaces without barrier protection that have been touched by gloved hands must be cleaned.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

The goal of infection control is the prevention and reduction of disease-causing (pathogenic) microorganisms.

Answer 33

True

Question 34

Occupational exposure refers to an infection a patient might be exposed to while undergoing oral health care treatment.

Answer 34

False

Question 35

Radiographers should be vaccinated against certain diseases.

Answer 35

True

Question 36

Spatter is the suspension of microorganisms that may be capable of causing disease produced during normal breathing and speaking.

Answer 36

False

Question 37

Universal precautions have replaced standard precautions.

Answer 37

False

Question 38

Taking a thorough medical history and performing an oral examination will not always identify potential infected patients.

Answer 38

True

Question 39

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) does not enforce infection control regulations.

Answer 39

True

Question 40

The lead apron is considered part of personal protective equipment (PPE).

Answer 40

False