Chapter 9 31-60

Question 1

the establishment of an anastomosis between the upper portion of the stomach and the duodenum.

Answer 1

gastroduodenostomy

Question 2

also known as GERD, is the upward flow of acid from the stomach into the esophagus.

Answer 2

gastroesophageal reflux disease

Question 3

a condition in which gastric motility slows down, causing delayed gastric emptying.

Answer 3

gastroparesis

Question 4

a surgically placed feeding tube from the exterior of the body on the abdomen, directly into the stomach.

Answer 4

gastrostomy tube

Question 5

the vomiting of coagulated blood.

Answer 5

hematemesis

Question 6

also known as the fecal occult blood test, is a laboratory test for hidden blood in stool.

Answer 6

Hemoccult test

Question 7

an inflammation of the liver usually caused by a viral infection.

Answer 7

hepatitis

Question 8

an anatomical abnormality in which a portion of the stomach protrudes upward into the chest, through an opening in the diaphragm.

Answer 8

hiatal hernia

Question 9

extreme, persistent vomiting that can cause dehydration.

Answer 9

hyperemesis

Question 10

the partial or complete blockage of the small or large intestine.

Answer 10

ileus

Question 11

the protrusion of a small loop of bowel through a weak place in the lower abdominal wall or groin.

Answer 11

inguinal hernia

Question 12

a yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and eyes.

Answer 12

jaundice

Question 13

an abnormal white, usually benign lesion (sore) that develops on the tongue or the inside of the cheek.

Answer 13

leukoplakia

Question 14

any deviation from the normal positioning of the upper teeth against the lower teeth.

Answer 14

malocclusion

Question 15

the passage of black, tarry, foul-smelling stools.

Answer 15

melena

Question 16

the placement of a nasogastric feeding tube (NG tube) through the nose and into the stomach.

Answer 16

nasogastric intubation

Question 17

(and overweight) are weight classifications based on BMI that are higher than a healthy weight for someone based on their height, gender, and age.

Answer 17

obesity

Question 18

surgical repair of a cleft palate, also used to refer to the repair of a cleft lip.

Answer 18

palatoplasty

Question 19

(PUD) is characterized by sores that affect the mucous membranes of the digestive system.

Answer 19

peptic ulcer disease

Question 20

a series of wave-like contractions of the smooth muscles in a single direction that moves the food forward into the digestive system.

Answer 20

peristalsis

Question 21

a mushroom-like growth from the surface of a mucous membrane.

Answer 21

polyp

Question 22

a physician who specializes in disorders of the colon, rectum, and anus.

Answer 22

proctologist

Question 23

the return of swallowed food into the mouth.

Answer 23

regurgitation

Question 24

also referred to as salmonella, is transmitted by feces, either through direct contact with animals, or by eating contaminated raw or undercooked meat, poultry, seafood, and eggs or unpasteurized milk products.

Answer 24

salmonellosis

Question 25

the endoscopic examination of the interior of the rectum, the sigmoid colon, and possibly a portion of the descending colon.

Answer 25

sigmoidoscopy

Question 26

an inflammation of the mucosa of the mouth.

Answer 26

stomatitis

Question 27

also known as lockjaw, describes any restriction to the opening of the mouth caused by trauma, surgery, or radiation associated with the treatment of oral cancer.

Answer 27

trismus

Question 28

a chronic condition of unknown cause in which repeated episodes of inflammation in the rectum and large intestine cause ulcers (lesions in the mucous membrane) and irritation.

Answer 28

ulcerative colitis

Question 29

the twisting of the intestine on itself, causing an obstruction.

Answer 29

volvulus

Question 30

also known as dry mouth, is the lack of adequate saliva due to diminished secretions by the salivary glands.

Answer 30

xerostomia