Chapter-9

Question 1

Photosynthesis

Answer 1

Convert light energy into stored chemical energy of organic molecules

Question 2

What happens when a molecule absorbs a photon of light energy?

Answer 2

Electrons become energized

Electron shifts from a lower energy atomic orbital to a high energy orbital

Question 3

Wave length

Answer 3

Distance from one wave peak to the next

Question 4

Photons

Answer 4

Light is composed of small particles,or packets of energy

Question 5

Ground state

Answer 5

Condition in which all its electrons are in their normal lowest energy levels

Question 6

Fluorescence

Answer 6

An emission of light of a longer wave length than the absorbed light

Question 7

Chloroplasts

Answer 7

Lie manly inside the leaf in the cells of mesophyll

Question 8

Mesophyll

Answer 8

A layer that includes many air spaces and a very high concentration of water vapor

Question 9

How many chloroplasts in a mesophyll cell

Answer 9

20-100

Question 10

Stroma

Answer 10

a fluid filled region which contains most of the enzymes required to produce carbohydrate molecules

Question 11

Thylakoids

Answer 11

Flat disc like sacs

Question 12

Thylakoid lumen

Answer 12

Fluid filled interior space

Question 13

Grana

Answer 13

Stacks of thylakoid sacs

Question 14

Chlorophyll

Answer 14

The main pigment of Photosynthesis

Absorbs light primarily in the blue and red regions of the visible spectrum

Question 15

Chlorophyll a

Answer 15

The pigment that indicates the light dependent reactions

Question 16

Chlorophyll b

Answer 16

An accessory pigment

Question 17

Carotenoids

Answer 17

Accessory photosynthetic pigments that are yellow and orange

Question 18

Absorption spectrum

Answer 18

Plot of its absorption spectra for chlorophylls a and b

Question 19

Action spectrum

Answer 19

A graph of of the relative effectiveness of different wavelengths of light

Question 20

Light dependent reactions

Answer 20

Light energy converted to chemical energy.

Associated with thylakoids

Question 21

Adenosine diphosphate forms adenosine triphosphate how

Answer 21

Energy of energized electrons used to phosphate

In addition NADP+ becomes reduced forming NADP1

Question 22

Carbon fixation

Answer 22

Energy is transferred to chemical bonds in carbohydrates which can be produced in large quantities and stored for future use. Takes place in the stroma

Question 23

Photosystem 1 and 2

Answer 23

1- pair of chlorophyll a molecules with an absorption peak at 700nm referred to as p700
2- same but peak at 680nm referred to as P680

Question 24

Noncyclic electron transport

Answer 24

Events associated with photosystem 1

Question 25

Electron transport chain

Answer 25

Energized electron passed along from 1 electron acceptor to another

Question 26

Photolysis

Answer 26

Light splitting of water

Question 27

ATP synthase

Answer 27

?

Question 28

Chemiosmosis

Answer 28

Diffusion down a proton gradient

Question 29

Calvin cycle

Answer 29

Carbon fixation through a sequence of 13 reactions

Question 30

Ribulose bisphosphate

Answer 30

Reaction of CO2 with a phosphorylated five carbon compound

Question 31

Rubisco

Answer 31

Reaction enzyme

Question 32

Phosphoglycerate

Answer 32

?

Question 33

C3 plants

Answer 33

Plants that initially fix carbon

Question 34

C3 pathway

Answer 34

Another name for Calvin cycle

Question 35

G3P

Answer 35

?

Question 36

Photorespiration

Answer 36

1 occurs in the presence of light 2 requires oxygen 3 produces CO2 and H2O Does not produce ATP

Question 37

C4 plants

Answer 37

Fix CO2 into four carbon compound.

Question 38

Oxaloacetate

Answer 38

four carbon compound.

Question 39

CAM plants

Answer 39

Fix carbon at night

Question 40

C4 pathway

Answer 40

CO2 is fixed through the formation of oxaloacetate

Question 41

PEP Carboxylase

Answer 41

Catalysts the reaction by which CO2 reacts with the three carbon compound.

Question 42

CAM pathway

Answer 42

Special carbon fixation pathway

Question 43

Autotrophs

Answer 43

Chemical energy that can't be stockpiled and unstable

Question 44

Chemoheterotrophs and heterotrophs

Answer 44

Animals, fungi, most prokaryotes

Question 45

Photoheterotrophs

Answer 45

Able to use light energy but unable to carry out carbon fixation.

Question 46

Chemoautotrophs

Answer 46

Obtain their energy from oxidation of reduced inorganic molecules