Chapter 9 ; Cellular Respiration

Question 1

2 Ways to regenerate ATP

Answer 1

1) Fermentation 2) Cellular Respiration

Question 2

During CR…

Answer 2

gluclose is broken down

Question 3

ACR is a ________ reaction

Answer 3

catabolic exergonic reaction

Question 4

CR Equation

Answer 4

C6H1206 + 6O2 —-> 6H20 + 6CO2 + 686 kcals

Question 5

CR equation kcals amount

Answer 5

686

Question 6

CR equation is a ___ reaction because

Answer 6

redox reaction, glucose is oxidized, oxygen is REDUCED

Question 7

Energy is released as ____

Answer 7

electrons stripped from glucose

Question 8

Fermentation

Answer 8

older aneoribic process, no oxygen

Question 9

2 forms of fermentation

Answer 9

Alcohol and Lactic Acid fermentation

Question 10

Alcohol fermentation: _____ and _____

Answer 10

bacteria and yeast

Question 11

_____,____ and _____ are produced this way

Answer 11

wine, bread and alcoholic fermentation

Question 12

GLYCOLYSIS

Answer 12

sugar splitting

Question 13

Alc ferm explained

Answer 13

Gluclose goes through glycolysis , which gives out byproducts of 2 pyruvates

Question 14

Alc Ferm byproducts

Answer 14

2 Pyruvates = 2 Ethanols = 2 CO2 , 2ATP

Question 15

Lactic Acid fermentation includes

Answer 15

fungi, bacteria, muscles, livers, dairy, cheese

Question 16

Lactic Acid explained

Answer 16

Gluclose –> Glycolyis–> 2 pyruvate (…)

Question 17

Lactic Acid byproduct

Answer 17

2 pyruvates = 2 Lactates and 2 ATP

Question 18

Both fermentations make

Answer 18

2ATP

Question 19

One makes ___ other makes ____

Answer 19

Lactates, 2CO2 and ethanols

Question 20

Obligate Anarobes + ex

Answer 20

live in absence of oxyegn, clostridum tetani

Question 21

Facultative Anaerobes

Answer 21

can live with or without oxyegn, ex: yeast

Question 22

___ is the spot for cellular respiration

Answer 22

mitochindria, EXCEPT GLYCOLYSIS

Question 23

Steps and placement

Answer 23

Glycolysis outside, krebs/ citric acid cyle inside, ETC inside

Question 24

Subtrate level phosphoration

Answer 24

enzyme takes a phosphorus from a diff compound, turns ADP –> ATP

Question 25

NAD+

Answer 25

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleoid ( Niacin)

Question 26

NAD+ is a

Answer 26

coenzyme electron ACCEPTOR

Question 27

NAD+ accepts_____ w help from

Answer 27

2E's + 2H help from ( dehydrogenase)

Question 28

NAD+ is now reduced to _____

Answer 28

NADH

Question 29

NADH is a electron

Answer 29

CARRIER

Question 30

NAD+ vs NADH

Answer 30

acceptor vs carrier

Question 31

NADH carries

Answer 31

2E's and 1H

Question 32

from NADH, electrons transported via _____ , on _____ of ________

Answer 32

ETC, CRISTAE, Mitochondria

Question 33

_3__ views of ETC :

Answer 33

1) cool burn process 2) each lebel can be named / identified 3) oxidative phosphorlation

Question 34

cool burn process explained

Answer 34

AS E goes down, it loses more and more energy because the electronegativity increases. Oxygen waits at the bottom as it is extremely electronegative. The energy that is slowly lost is used for ATP

Question 35

2nd View explained

Answer 35

each level can be named/identified such as Q, Co Q10, and Ubiquinane.

Question 36

Supplement Q10

Answer 36

Assists ETC for E to be passed down

Question 37

What goes to the bottom?

Answer 37

2H ( 2 electrons are stripped) plus oxy at bottom

Question 38

3rd View; Oxidative Phosphorylation

Answer 38

ATP regenrated from ADP

Question 39

3RD View explained

Answer 39

1) NADH and FADH2 ( electron carries), deliver their electrons to ETC 2) Energy is released as electrons fall down. 3) ETC is used to pump H+ ions from matrix to intermembrance space 4) As H+ conc builds, they DIFFUSE back the inner membrane by the way of ATP Synthase 5)ADP is phosporlzed to ATP

Question 40

ATP synthase is needed to help H+ ions diffuse over because

Answer 40

inner is hydrphobic

Question 41

ATP synthase works with

Answer 41

proton motor force

Question 42

The diffusion of H+ ions is called

Answer 42

chemoismosis

Question 43

OX PHOS formula

Answer 43

Chemoismosis + ETC

Question 44

ATP functions as a

Answer 44

motor, roter, rod, catalytic knob

Question 45

Glycolysis begins with

Answer 45

gluclose

Question 46

glyclosys has ___ steps

Answer 46

10

Question 47

Subtrate level phos creates

Answer 47

2 pyruvates = 2ATP + NADH'S

Question 48

pYRUVATE OXIDATION

Answer 48

2 molceules enter mitochondria via active transport

Question 49

Pyruvates once inside Mito are oxidized to

Answer 49

Acetyl Coenzyme A

Question 50

After Acetyl Co. A is made

Answer 50

2 Co2 are released + 2 NADH'S are produced, electrons to ETC

Question 51

_____ catalyzes reactions

Answer 51

dehyrogenase

Question 52

Acetyl Coenzyme A nowen

Answer 52

ters citric cycle

Question 53

crebs cycle amount of steps and turns

Answer 53

8 steps, 2 turns per glu molecule

Question 54

Yields per gluclose:

Answer 54

2 ATP'S, 2 NADH'S, 2FADHS' 4 Co2's