Chapter 9+ chapter seven walkthrough

Question 1

A disorder of bone growth that causes the most Common type of dwarfism

Answer 1

Achondroplasia

Question 2

And acute or chronic bone infection

Answer 2

Osteomyelitis

Question 3

A rare hereditary bone disorder in which the bones become overly dense;it presence and one of three forms: osteopetrosis congenita osteopetrosis Tarda and marble bone disease

Answer 3

Osteopetrosis

Question 4

A type of cancer that starts in the bones

Answer 4

Osteosarcoma

Question 5

A chronic disorder that can result in Enlarged and misshapen bones due to abnormal bone destruction and regrowth

Answer 5

Paget’s disease

Question 6

A synarthrotic joint located only between the bones of the skull The edges of the bones are interlocked and bound together at the suture by dense fibrous connective tissue

Answer 6

Suture

Question 7

A synarthrosis that binds the teeth to bony sockets In the maxillae and mandible. The fibrous connection between a tooth and it’s socket is periodontal

Answer 7

Gomphosis

Question 8

A ridge, cartilaginous Bridge between two articulating bones. The cartilaginous connection between the ends of the first pair of vertebrosternal ribs and manubrium Of the sternum is a synchondrosis. Another example is the epiphyseal cartilage which connects the diaphysis To the epiphysis In growing long bone

Answer 8

Synchondrosis

Question 9

A totally rigid immovable joint created when two bones use and the boundary between them disappears. The rare frontal suture of the frontal bone the fusion of an infants left and right mandibularBones and the epiphyseal lines of Mature long bones

Answer 9

Synstosis

Question 10

Bones are connected by a ligament. One example is the distal joint between the tibia and fibula

Answer 10

Syndesmosis

Question 11

The Articulating bones are connected by a wedge or pad of fibrocartilage. The joint between the two pubic bones is an example

Answer 11

Symphysis

Question 12

Joints Permit A wider range of motion then do other types of joints. They are typically located at the ends of long bones such as those of the upper limbs

Answer 12

Synovial joints

Question 13

Have flattened or slightly curved surfaces that slide across one another but the amount of movement is very slight

Answer 13

Plane or gliding joints

Question 14

Permit angular motion in a single plane like the opening and closing the door

Answer 14

Hinge joint

Question 15

Have an oval articular Face nestled within a depression on the opposing side

Answer 15

Ellipsoidal joint

Question 16

Have complex articular faces and back to gather like a rider and a saddle each face is Concave Along one axis and convex along the other

Answer 16

Saddle joints

Question 17

Only permit rotation

Answer 17

Pivot joint

Question 18

The round head of one bone rests with in a cup shaped depression in another

Answer 18

Ball and socket joint

Question 19

A movement that decreases the angle between two articulating bones

Answer 19

Flexion

Question 20

An increase in the angle between two articulating bones

Answer 20

Extension

Question 21

Extension of a body part past the anatomical position

Answer 21

Hyperextension

Question 22

Movement away from the midline Of the body

Answer 22

Abduction

Question 23

The movement toward the axis or midline of the body

Answer 23

Adduction

Question 24

A movement of us and I’ll be a joint in which the distal end of the bones in a circular directions but the shaft does not rotate

Answer 24

Circumduction

Question 25

The anterior surface of a limb turns toward the long axis of the trunk

Answer 25

Medial rotation

Question 26

Inflammation of the bursa over the front of the knee just above the knee cap

Answer 26

Prepatellar bursitus

Question 27

Insertion of a narrow tube containing optical fibers and a tiny camera directly into the joint for visual examination

Answer 27

Arthroscopy

Question 28

Bony enlargements on the proximal interphalangeal joint’s due to osteoarthritis

Answer 28

Bouchard nodes

Question 29

Softening of cartilage as a result of strenuous activity or overuse of an injury

Answer 29

Chondromalacia

Question 30

Bony overgrowth’s on the distal interphalangeus joint’s due to osteoarthritis that cause the patient to have knobby fingers

Answer 30

Heberden nodes

Question 31

An Infectious disease transmitted to humans from the bite of a tick infected with borrelia causing flu like symptoms and joint pain

Answer 31

Lyme disease

Question 32

Inflammation of the synovial membrane

Answer 32

Synovitis

Question 33

Deposits of uric acid crystals often found around joints and usually associated with gout

Answer 33

Tophi

Question 34

Functions of the joints

Answer 34

Articulations functional junctions between bones Bind parts of skeletal system together make bone growth possible permit parts of the skeleton to change shape during childbirth Enable body to move in response to skeletal muscle contraction

Question 35

Dense connective tissue connect bones | between bones in close contact

Answer 35

Fibrous joints

Question 36

Hyaline Cartilage or fibrocartilage connect bones

Answer 36

Cartilaginous joints

Question 37

Most complex | allow free movement

Answer 37

Synovial joints

Question 38

Immovable joint

Answer 38

Synarthotic

Question 39

Slightly movable joint

Answer 39

Amphiarthrotic

Question 40

Freely movable joint

Answer 40

Diarthrodic

Question 41

What are the three types of fibrous joints

Answer 41

Syndesmosis Suture Gomphosis

Question 42

A sheet or a bundle of fibrous tissue connects bones Amphiarthrotic Lies between tibia and fibula

Answer 42

Syndesmosis

Question 43

Between flat bones Synarthrotic Thin layer of connective tissue connects bones

Answer 43

Suture

Question 44

Cone shaped bony process in a socket

Answer 44

Gomphosis

Question 45

Serrate suture

Answer 45

Frontal and parietal

Question 46

Squamousal suture

Answer 46

Temporal bone and parietal

Question 47

Plane suture

Answer 47

Palatine bones

Question 48

What are the two types of cartilaginous joints

Answer 48

Synchondrosis | Symphysis

Question 49

Bands of hyaline Cartilage unite bones Epiphyseal plate Between manubrium And first rib Synarthotic

Answer 49

Pads of fibrocartilage between bones Pubis symphysis Joint between bodies of adjacent vertebrae Amphiarthrotic

Question 50

Resemble hyaline Cartilages | Are separated by a thin film of synovial fluid

Answer 50

Articular cartilages

Question 51

Dense and fibrous Maybe reinforced with accessory structures Continuous with Periosteum of bone

Answer 51

Joint capsule

Question 52

Produced at The synovial membrane Percolates Through articular cartilages Total quantity less then 3 mL

Answer 52

Synovial fluid

Question 53

Provide support and additional stability Not all are included in every joint Most are seen in the knee

Answer 53

Accessory structures

Question 54

Small pocket filled with synovial fluid Often form in areas where tendon or ligament rubs up against other tissues Reduce friction and acts as shock absorber

Answer 54

Bursa

Question 55

Adipose tissue covered by synovial membrane | Protect articular cartilages

Answer 55

Fat pads

Question 56

Pad of fibrous cartilage Between bones of synovial joints

Answer 56

Meniscus

Question 57

Vertebral column bending to the side

Answer 57

Lateral flexion

Question 58

Flexion At ankle joint and elevation of soul

Answer 58

Dorsiflexion

Question 59

Extension at ankle joint and elevation of heel

Answer 59

Plantar flexion

Question 60

Always refers to movements of the appendicular skeleton not axial Movements are usually toward or away from the body midline Four fingers or toes movements are spreading digits apart or bringing them together

Answer 60

Abduction and adduction

Question 61

Medial and lateral movement of the foot

Answer 61

Eversion/inversion

Question 62

Anterior and posterior movement of the body

Answer 62

Protraction/retraction

Question 63

Superior and inferior movement of body parts

Answer 63

Elevation/depression

Question 64

Tibiofemeral joint Largest and most complex joint Modified hinge joint Flexion/extension/little rotation

Answer 64

Knee joint

Question 65

Posterior longitudinal ligament’s weekend causing more pressure on disks Nucleus pulposus compresses distorts annulus fibrosis Disc bulges into vertebral canal

Answer 65

Slipped disk

Question 66

Nucleus pulposus breaks through analus fibrosus | Spinal nerves are often affected

Answer 66

Herniated disc

Question 67

Movement beyond normal range of motion Articulating surface forced out of position Can damage joint structures No pain from inside joint but from nerves or surrounding structures

Answer 67

Dislocation

Question 68

In adequate ossification leading to loss of bone mass Often occurs with age beginning between ages 30 to 40 More severe in women than men

Answer 68

Osteopenia

Question 69

Bone loss sufficient to affect normal functions

Answer 69

Osteoporosis

Question 70

Damage to cartilage ligaments or tendons | Forceful twisting of joint

Answer 70

Strains and sprains

Question 71

Inflammation of the bursa or tendon | Overuse of a joint

Answer 71

Bursitis and tendinitis

Question 72

Inflamed swollen painful joints | Examples: rheumatoid arthritis osteoarthritis gout

Answer 72

Arthritis