Chapter 9 Energy Balance And Healthy Bodyweight

Question 1

What is the US prevalence in being overweight/obese and obese?

Answer 1

Overweight/obese- 70.7%

Obese- 37.9%

Question 2

Where did Michigan rank in obesity rates?

Answer 2

10th

Question 3

What are the BMI numbers for the different classes of obesity?

Answer 3

Normal 18.5-24.9
Overweight 25-29.9
Obese class I- 30-34.9
Obese class II- 35-39.9
Obese class III- 40-49.9

Question 4

How do you measure body composition and fat distribution?

Answer 4

Body Comp
Skin Fold Test
Underwater Weighing
Bioelectrical impedance
Dual-energy X-ray absoptiometry
Each method has advantages and disadvantages

Question 5

How does mortality rate change with the BMI?

Answer 5

Mortality rate increases with the BMI number

Mortality rate increases as you get below about 22

Question 6

What are the impacts of being underweight

Answer 6

Lower immune system
Delayed healing
Destruction of other systems to keep body function

Question 7

What are the risks from too much body fat

Answer 7

Obesity related illnesses such as diabetes, hypertension, heart attack, stroke

Question 8

What are the components of energy expenditure

Answer 8

25-50% by physical activity
5-10% thermic effect of food
50-65% BMR (Body functions)

Question 9

What are the factors that Affect BMR

Answer 9

Age
Height
Growth
Body comp
Fever
Stress
Environmental temp
Fasting and starvation
malnutrition

Question 10

Average body comp of men

Answer 10

45% Muscle
25% Organs
15% Fat
15% bone

Question 11

Average body comp of Women

Answer 11

36% muscle
24% organs
27% fat
13% bone

Question 12

What are external cues of overeating?

Answer 12

Available foods
Human sensations
Lever portions
Food swamps
Food deserts

Question 13

In Tennessee, ____% of children are overweight

Answer 13

34

Question 14

_______ of adults in the US are obese

Answer 14

2/3

Question 15

Preventable medical cost are _______billion a year

Answer 15

145

Question 16

Childhood obesity in the US is estimated to cost _______annually in health expenses

Answer 16

$14 billion

Question 17

______ of kids with obesity before the age of 15 will be obese as adults

Answer 17

80%

Question 18

In 2009, _______ was spend on food advertising directed at children

Answer 18

$1.8 billion

Question 19

In 1969, ____ of children walked or biked to school every day. In 2009, only ______ did.

Answer 19

48%, 13%

Question 20

What is the health impact of living within easy access of a grocery store?

Answer 20

When you live with easy access to a grocery store, you are most likely to buy more fruits and vegetables, dairy products, and less processed foods. Pregnant women eat healthier, the BMI of those that live close to a grocery store are lower as are their chances of developing diabetes or other obesity related diseases.

Question 21

What is the impact of building new and large elementary schools on the students physical activity level?

Answer 21

They have to move out to less developed areas to meet the size requirements. Therefore, taking the school farther away from kids and making it nearly impossible for them to walk to school. This decreases their physical activity by making them ride in cars more often which has been proven to be linked to an increased BMI’s. Many children do not have access to after school physical activities so walking was a good means to meet that need.

Question 22

3. What medical conditions are closely related with obesity in children?

Answer 22

Asthma, Diabetes, Sleep Apnea, High Blood pressure, Early puberty, bone and joint problems, and limitations on physical activity, and early affects on the heart and blood vessels.

Question 23

What is the medical cost of obesity annually?

Answer 23

$14 billion

Question 24

Who controls the child’s eating at home?

Answer 24

The parents

Question 25

What part of the brain controls our desire to eat?

Answer 25

The hypothalamus

Question 26

The problem of obesity lives in_______ and_____; so the solution of obesity lives there too.”

Answer 26

Families, Communities

Question 27

Nashville has a ‘complete streets’ policy. What does this mean?

Answer 27

When a new street is built or corrective action is taken on a street, they look at every means of transportation, including bicycling and pedestrian transportation that can be utilized. Giving way to a more “bikeable and walkable” city.

Question 28

Healthy Hunger Free Kid Act mandated a reduction in _______ and _________

Answer 28

Sugar, fats, and sodium

Question 29

How do school cafeterias track how much of the food is consumed?

Answer 29

My plate form and watching what is on the student’s plates. Also tracking what is being ordered by the school systems.