Chapter 9 - Errors in perceptions

Question 1

What are perceptual distortions

Answer 1

errors in perception

Question 2

What can cause perceptual distortions

Answer 2

neurological disorders and genetic differences

Question 3

List some types of visual illutions

Answer 3

Muller-lyer illusion
ames room illusion
Ponzo illusion

Question 4

What aspect of vision is applied to the muller-lyer illusion

Answer 4

occurs because of the pictorial depth cue of linear perspective

Question 5

What aspect of vision is applied to the ames room illusion

Answer 5

applies past experience

Question 6

What aspect of vision is applied to the ponzo illusion

Answer 6

caused by a misapplication of pictorial depth of linear perspectiveWh

Question 7

what is fallibitlity?

Answer 7

The quality of being prone to error or experiencing difficulties sin judgement

Question 8

what is a visual illusion?

Answer 8

The perception of visual stimulus that conflicts with how it is in reality

Question 9

What is agnosia?

Answer 9

a disorder involving the loss or impairment of the ability to recognise familiar stimulus through the use of one or more senses, despite the senses functioning normally otherwise

Question 10

What are the different types of agnosia?

Answer 10

• smell (olfactory agnosia)
• sound (auditory agnosia)
• touch (tactile agnosia)
• taste (gustatory agnosia)

Question 11

What are the categories of visual agnosia?

Answer 11

apperceptive visual agnosia
associative visual agnosia

Question 12

What is apperceptive visual agnosia?

Answer 12

the inability to generate holistic perceptions of visual information

Question 13

What is associative visual agnosia

Answer 13

the inability to identify or recognise a visual stimulus. The perception is intact, but the ability to interpret this meaningfully is compromised

Question 14

What are the subtypes of visual agnosia

Answer 14

Prosopagnosia, Achromatopsia, Simultanagnosia, Topographagnosia,
Agnostic Alexia (pure Alexia)

Question 15

What is prosopagnosia?

Answer 15

The inability to recognise familiar faces

Question 16

What is Achromatopsia

Answer 16

the inability to distinguish between colours

Question 17

What is Simultanagnosia

Answer 17

The inability to recognise multiple objects in the same visual scene at the same time

Question 18

What is Topographagnosia

Answer 18

The inability to process spatial environments including familiar places

Question 19

what is Agnostic Alexia (pure Alexia)

Answer 19

The inability to recognise or interpret written words

Question 20

Why do we see illusions?

Answer 20

The physical nature of The visual stimulus
- The characteristics of The eyes
- The characteristics of our visual perceptual process

Question 21

What is synesthesia?

Answer 21

a perceptual experience in which stimulation of one sense involuntarily produces additional unusual experiences in another sense

Question 22

How does colour impact flavour and taste perception?

Answer 22

Can impact expectations of taste.

Question 23

What is spatial neglect?

Answer 23

(aka visual neglect) is a neurological disorder whereby individuals are unable to notice anything either on their left or right side even though there may be no sensory loss

Question 24

what factors influence taste perception?

Answer 24

perceptual set
- colour intensity
- texture

Question 25

What are supertasters?

Answer 25

People who have a relatively higher number papillae than the average person, giving them an increased sensitivity to taste

Question 26

What is a non-taster?

Answer 26

someone who has a lower number of papillae than the average person, giving them a decreased sensitivity to taste

Question 27

What is miraculin?

Answer 27

A protein found in miracle berries in west Africa that alters taste perception

Question 28

Describe the term 'flavour'

Answer 28

Perceptual experience produced by a combination of taste and other sensations

Question 29

What does colour refer to in regards to flavour perception?

Answer 29

This refers to the colour of a food or beverage and its intensity

Question 30

Describe the term 'texture' in regards to food

Answer 30

Is the property of food/beverages that is felt in the mouth and contributes to flavour

Question 31

Describe the Muller-Lyer illusion

Answer 31

An illusion where the length of the central line of a stimulus is misjudged because if the lines attached to either end of the stimuli.

Question 32

Describe the Ames room illusion

Answer 32

An illusion that causes difficulty in accurately perceiving size based on an apparatus that manipulates depth cues

Question 33

What are the different types of synaesthesia

Answer 33

Chromesthesia Grapheme-colour auditory-tactile lexical-gustatory

Question 34

What is chromesthesia

Answer 34

sound triggers perception of colour

Question 35

What is grapheme-colour synaesthesia?

Answer 35

Letters/numbers trigger perception of colour

Question 36

What is auditory-tactile synaesthesia?

Answer 36

Sound triggers perception of touch

Question 37

What is lexical-gustatory synaesthesia?

Answer 37

words triggering a perception of taste

Question 38

What does contralateral mean?

Answer 38

Opposite side of the body