Chapter 9 final exam review

Question 1

Where is Italy Located?

Answer 1

right in the middle of the mediterranean sea.

Question 2

Where is Spain located?

Answer 2

Pushes west into the Atlantic ocean.

Question 3

What does “La Geografia Amanda,” mean?

Answer 3

Geography controls everything

Question 4

What two continents had a great influence on Spain’s religious history

Answer 4

Africa and Europe

Question 5

At the beginning of the Middle Ages, almost everyone in Spain and the rest of Europe were what religion?

Answer 5

Christian

Question 6

Who were the Visigoths?

Answer 6

People who had invaded Spain from the north at the end of the Roman empire.

Question 7

What happened in Spain in 711?

Answer 7

A Muslim force crosses the Strait of Gibraltar and landed in Spain.

Question 8

In a few years, the Muslims almost conquered what two countries?

Answer 8

Spain and Portugal

Question 9

What did the new rulers build in the city of Cordoba?

Answer 9

A large beautiful mosque in the city.

Question 10

In time, what happened to many Christians?

Answer 10

Many Christians converted to Islam.

Question 11

What was Spain part of, for the next five centuries?

Answer 11

a vast empire

Question 12

The Arab Islamic world was part of what?

Answer 12

largest economic trade zone in the world

Question 13

Goods and ideas were exchanged among what five places?

Answer 13

Spain, Egypt, Syria, Zanzibar, and Indonesia.

Question 14

What kind of people supported the arts?

Answer 14

Muslim rulers and rich merchants.

Question 15

What three things reflected Islamic views?

Answer 15

Music, art, and architecture.

Question 16

How come Islam discourages showing human beings, animals, and other subjects realistically?

Answer 16

because it may lead to idolatry that is worshipping idols.

Question 17

What was greatly valued in Islamic society?

Answer 17

learning

Question 18

Where and in what year was the world’s first University established?

Answer 18

971 in Cairo

Question 19

Name three places that became great centres of learning?

Answer 19

Muslim Spain, notably Cordoba, seville, and Granada.

Question 20

What kind of things did Muslim scholars study and discuss?

Answer 20

They and discussed medicine and science.

Question 21

A series of ineffective rulers led to what?

Answer 21

It led to a period of civil unrest and the sectioning of Al andaluz into a number of independent principalities or states.

Question 22

What happened when the Muslims came to Spain?

Answer 22

They had reduced the christian controlled area to a narrow strip along the northern coast.

Question 23

The Reconquista began as a way for what?

Answer 23

A way for christian kingdoms to expand their power and influence. (war based on religious differences)

Question 24

During the Reconquista, what new thing did the Spanish develop?

Answer 24

A new fighting technique.

Question 25

Describe this new thing they developed?

Answer 25

They grouped a big number of soldiers all using the same weapon into a tight formation that was difficult to overrun.

Question 26

What Special title did King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella receive?

Answer 26

Catholic Monarchs

Question 27

How did the Christian crusaders from all over Europe, help the Spanish Christian forces?

Answer 27

They helped win territory from the muslims.

Question 28

What happened by 1269?

Answer 28

The only part of Spain that was in muslim hands was Granada.

Question 29

What happened on January 2, 1492?

Answer 29

Granada was captured after 10 years of fighting.

Question 30

What was the first step King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella took to unite Spain under one religion?

Answer 30

To take over the Spanish Inquisition from the church.

Question 31

What happened in the Inquisition?

Answer 31

It became a state run system of courts where church officials put believers of religious ideas other than catholicism on trial.

Question 32

What happened to the Muslims and Jews after the Reconquista was complete?

Answer 32

They were given a choice of either convert or be exiled

Question 33

After this, how did some Muslims and Jews continue to live

Answer 33

Some left spain, some pretended to convert but they lived with a constant fear that they would be discovered and punished.

Question 34

Describe the expulsion of the Jew

Answer 34

It had a serious negative effect on Spain

Question 35

How did the expulsion of the Jews and Muslims affect Spain?

Answer 35

The muslims spreading throughout the middle east and into asia.

Question 36

What belief became part of the Spanish worldview?

Answer 36

That it was the king and queens religious duty to convert as many people as possible to the catholic faith.

Question 37

Starting with Columbus, all the Spanish explorers and conquistadors brought _____ with them on their journey’s

Answer 37

Missionaries

Question 38

Why was the year 2000 important to Christians?

Answer 38

The jubilee year for christians.

Question 39

What happened to Spain’s gold and silver reserves in 1492?

Answer 39

They used up all the gold and silver reserves.

Question 40

Name two things a nation at war has to do?

Answer 40

They have to pay and feed soldiers, train new recruits, buy expensive weapons, and build hospitals, and housing for its armies.

Question 41

Overall, how did Columbus describe Hispaniola as?

Answer 41

He described it as a really marvelous place with hills and mountains, but also flat land, and how the seaports were amazing, and how there is a lot of gold, and spices and mines with other metals on the island(over all he exaggerated to make it sound better.)

Question 42

What did the Queen and King do, after they heard Columbus had found gold?

Answer 42

The news electrified the spanish court, and the king/queen approved a new voyage immediately.

Question 43

`What two ways did Spanish nobles have, to support themselves?

Answer 43

War and land.

Question 44

Who were the Hidalgos?

Answer 44

A large class of lower nobles who had never owned land.

Question 45

There was a shortage of what, other than gold and silver in Spain?

Answer 45

good farmland

Question 46

Why did nobles not work with their hands?

Answer 46

They believed that because of their social class they shouldn’t have to work with their hands.

Question 47

What two things did some nobles become involved in instead?

Answer 47

They learned trade like shoe making or keeping shop. Some nobles became involved in business and commerce, and other went to the Americas to seek their fortune.

Question 48

What was the code of chivalry?

Answer 48

A code that was supposed to govern the behaviour of all christian soldiers.

Question 49

What four qualities were part of the code of chivalry?

Answer 49

military success- a brilliant general, El Cid is never defeated in battle. - loyalty- El Cid remains faithful to his king, even after the king unjustly accused him of treason. - fairness- he deals generously with defeated opponents. - faith in god- El Cid is a good christian who tries to live a morally upright life.