Chapter 9-Gas Exchange and Smoking

Question 1

function of cartilage

Answer 1

to keep trachea and bronchi open

to prevent them form collapsing

Question 2

what type of cartilage found in trachea and bronchi?

Answer 2

trachea: c-shaped rings
bronchi: irregular blocks

Question 3

function of goblet cell

Answer 3

produce mucus to trap bacteria, dust and other irritants

Question 4

how are alveoli structurally adapted?

Answer 4

1. one cell thick wall for quick diffusion
2. elastic fibres to stretch during inspiration and recoil during expiration
3. large surface area for maximum oxygen intake

Question 5

what is passive smoking?

Answer 5

breathing in someone else’s cigarette smoke

Question 6

what is a carcinogen?

Answer 6

cancer causing compound

Question 7

what does cigarette contain?

Answer 7

1. tar (carcinogen)
2. carbon monoxide
3. nicotine

Question 8

what effect does nicotine have?

Answer 8

1. absorbed in the blood easily and travels to the brain in a few secs
2. increases heart rate and blood pressure as there is a decrease in blood supply
3. increases risk of blood clotting
4. stimulates the brain to release dopamine for feelings of pleasure

Question 9

what effect does carbon monoxide have?

Answer 9

1. less oxygen is transported in the body
2. damages lining of arteries
3. risk of CHD