Chapter 9- Senses

Question 0

What is the difference between general and special senses?

Answer 0

General- receptors over large part of body.

Special- smell, taste, sight, hearing, and balance.

Question 1

Define sensation?

Answer 1

Concious awareness of stimuli received by sensory neurons.

Question 2

List the 5 types of receptors? What are each responsible for sensing?

Answer 2

Mechanoreceptors- detect movement.
Nociceptors- detects pain.
Chemoreceptors- detects chemicals.
Photoreceptors- detects light.
Thermoreceptors- detects temperature changes.

Question 3

T or F, Localized pain is caused by slower action potentials.

Answer 3

False. Localized pain is caused by rapid action potentials.

Question 4

What is referred pain?

Answer 4

Originates in a region that is not the source of pain stimulus.

Question 5

T or F, nasal olfactory neurons are regularly replaced?

Answer 5

True

Question 6

T or F, smell and taste senses that do not synapase with the thalamus before connecting to the cerebral cortex?

Answer 6

False, smell does not synapse.

Question 7

What is the sensory structure responsible for the detection of taste?

Answer 7

Taste bud

Question 8

What lobes are involved in the processing of smell and taste respectfully?

Answer 8

Parietal lobe

Question 9

Name the different types of taste? What location of the tongue are these taste buds found?

Answer 9

Sweet- tip of tongue.
Sour- edge of tongue.
Salty- near the tip and edge of tongue.
Bitter- near the back of tongue.
Umami- under the tongue.

Question 10

What are the accessory structures of the eye?

Answer 10

eyebrow, eyelid/eyelashes, conjunctiva, lacrimal apparatus, and extrinsic eye muscles.

Question 11

T or F, the eye is composed of 2 layers and divided into 3 chambers?

Answer 11

False, the eye is composed of 3 layers and 3 chambers.

Question 12

What are the layers and chambers of the eye?

Answer 12

Layers: Fibrous Tunic, Vascular Tunic, Nervous Tunic.
Chambers: Anterior Chamber, Posterior Chamber, Vitreous Chamber.

Question 13

The colored part of the eye is called?

Answer 13

Iris

Question 14

The layer of the eye that regulates the amount of light entering is termed the?

Answer 14

Pupil

Question 15

T or F, there are 20 times the number of cones then rods in the sensory retina?

Answer 15

False, there are 20 times the rods than cones.

Question 16

What structure is at the center of the macula?

Answer 16

Fovea centralis

Question 17

This structure has no photoreceptors and is found medial to the macula?

Answer 17

Optic disk

Question 18

T or F, the eyes main source of nutrients is from circulating vitreous humor?

Answer 18

False, the eyes main source of nutrients is from circulating aqeous humor.

Question 19

What is the term of the eye defect that describes someone that is farsighted?

Answer 19

Hyperopia

Question 20

What are the components that comprise the middle ear?

Answer 20

Malleus (hammer), Incus (anvil), Stapes (stirrups), Oval window, Eustachian or auditory tube.

Question 21

Which one is responsible for equalizing air pressure between the outside air and middle ear?

Answer 21

Eustachian or auditory tube

Question 22

The bony labyrinth is composed of what regions?

Answer 22

3 regions: cochlea, vestibule, semicircular canals.

Question 23

T or F, the malleus (hammer) is the bone attached to the tympanic membrane?

Answer 23

True

Question 24

What structure separates the middle and inner ear?

Answer 24

Oval window

Question 25

What structures are found in the Cochlea?

Answer 25

snail-shell shaped structure

Question 26

What structures are responsible for the amplification of sound before it travels to the oval window?

Answer 26

Malleus, Stapes, Incus

Question 27

What are the Otoliths? What is their function?

Answer 27

Gelatinous substance that moves in response to gravity. They weigh down the gelatinous membrane.

Question 28

What is the function of the Semicircular canals and the Cupula?

Answer 28

Equillibrium balance