Chapter Nine Flashcards
(20 cards)
an example of a cloning vector?
Plasmid
cDNA is made from __________.
an mRNA template
If a recombinant plasmid is put in solution with E. coli, the bacteria may pick up the plasmid by __________.
transformation
To express a human gene in a bacterium, cDNA must be made because bacteria __________.
cannot remove introns
Sequencing a genome directly provides __________.
the order of nucleotides in a genome
If you put the gene for Bt toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis into a tomato plant, the resulting plants will __________.
be toxic to insects that eat them
The shotgun sequencing technique is used to __________.
sequence entire genomes
Southern blotting is used to __________.
identify particular sequences of DNA
DNA fingerprints are actually __________.
DNA fragments
are benefits and improvements made possible by recombinant DNA technology
development of new, safer vaccines
improved weed and pest control
development of genetic screening procedures for early detection of genetic diseases
The following sequential steps are used to make a recombinant cell. Which of these steps occurs LAST?
Grow cells containing vector with the gene of interest.
a safety issue related to the use of recombinant DNA?
spread of bioengineered traits, such as herbicide resistance, into related weed species
allergic reactions to components in genetically modified foods
reduction in populations of “desirable” insects due to the use of Bt insecticide
In nature, the function of restriction enzymes is to __________.
destroy bacteriophage DNA
can be used as vectors to genetically modify cells?
Plasmid
Shuttle vectors
Viruses
The basic steps to genetically modify a cell are listed below. Which step would come LAST?
transformation
Special considerations must be taken when using bacteria to produce a eukaryotic protein. What is the cause for this additional difficulty?
Eukaryotic genes contain introns, which prokaryotic cells cannot remove.
The process of making multiple copies of a DNA molecule is referred to as __________.
amplification
Recombinant DNA technology is used for
amplification of DNA for microbe identification
human-insulin production by bacterial cells
insertion of genes from humans or plants into bacteria or viruses
hepatitis-B-vaccine production using yeast cells
The use of microorganisms, cells, or cell components to make products such as hormones, antibiotics, food, or vaccines is known as __________.
biotechnology
Which of these statements is true for restriction enzymes?
Restriction enzymes are useful in genetic engineering when they make staggered cuts in DNA.
