Chapter One

Question 1

What is the goal of a strength coach?

Answer 1

Maximize physical performance through programs that are designed to increase muscular strength, endurance and flexibility

Question 2

Proximal

Answer 2

closer to the trunk

Question 3

Distal

Answer 3

farther from the trunk

Question 4

Superior

Answer 4

closer to the head

Question 5

Inferior

Answer 5

closer to the feet

Question 6

Origin

Answer 6

proximal attachment

Question 7

Insertion

Answer 7

Distal attachment

Question 8

Epimysium

Answer 8

Outer layer of muscle fibers

Question 9

Fasciuli

Answer 9

perimysium: surrounds each fasciculus

Question 10

Endomysium

Answer 10

surrounds each fasciculus

Question 11

Neuromuscular Junction

Answer 11

junction between motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates

Question 12

Each cell only has ___ neuromuscular junctions

Answer 12

one

Question 13

motor neuron and muscle fibers it innervates are called a ____

Answer 13

motor unit

Question 14

Sarcoplasm

Answer 14

cytoplasm of muscle fibers

Question 15

sarcoplasm contains

Answer 15

contractile components

Question 16

three components of a sarcoplasm

Answer 16

myosin, actin, sarcomere

Question 17

myosin

Answer 17

thick filaments

Question 18

the A band contains

Answer 18

myosin

Question 19

actin

Answer 19

thin filaments

Question 20

the I band contains

Answer 20

actin

Question 21

what is the smallest contractile unit of skeletal muscle

Answer 21

sarcomere

Question 22

what is the center of a sarcomere

Answer 22

h-zone

Question 23

what is the only thing present in the h-zone

Answer 23

myosin

Question 24

h-zone ___ during contraction

Answer 24

decreases

Question 25

Ca controls ____ ______

Answer 25

Muscular contraction

Question 26

Ca is regulated in the ___

Answer 26

SR

Question 27

sliding filament theory

Answer 27

actin filaments at each end of the sarcomere slide inward on myosin filaments pulling the z-lines toward the center of the sarcomere and thus shortening the fiber

Question 28

phases of the sliding filament theory

Answer 28

resting, excitation, contraction

Question 29

What is the resting phase

Answer 29

little Ca is present in the myofibril, few myosin are bound to action, muscle is at rest

Question 30

what is the excitation phase

Answer 30

contraction coupling

Question 31

contraction coupling

Answer 31

myosin must bind to actin, Ca released from the SR and binds to troponin

Question 32

the amount of force produced by any muscle is directly related to

Answer 32

the number of myosin cross bridge heads bound to actin

Question 33

contraction phase

Answer 33

energy for cross bridge flexion comes from hydrolysis of ATP to ADP

Question 34

the contraction phase will continue as long as ____ is present

Answer 34

Ca

Question 35

Type I fibers are

Answer 35

slow twitch

Question 36

type ___ fibers are efficient and fatigue resistant

Answer 36

type I

Question 37

type ____ fibers are high capacity for aerobic energy

Answer 37

type I

Question 38

type ___ fibers are limited potential for rapid force development

Answer 38

type I

Question 39

type ____ are low anaerobic power

Answer 39

type I

Question 40

Type II fibers are

Answer 40

fast twitch

Question 41

type I fibers develop for and relax with a ___ twitch time

Answer 41

long

Question 42

type II fibers develop and relax rapidly with a ___ twitch time

Answer 42

short

Question 43

type __ fibers are inefficient and fatigable

Answer 43

type II

Question 44

type ___ fibers are low aerobic power

Answer 44

type II

Question 45

type ___ fibers have rapid force development

Answer 45

type II

Question 46

type ___ fibers have high anaerobic power

Answer 46

type II

Question 47

how do type IIa and type IIx differ?

Answer 47

in their capacity for aerobic-oxidative energy supply

Question 48

proprioception

Answer 48

specialized sensory receptors located within

Question 49

Muscle spindles

Answer 49

provide info concerning muscle length and rate of change in length

Question 50

GTO

Answer 50

activated when the tendon attached to an active muscle is stretched

Question 51

Primary roles of CVS are to

Answer 51

transport nutrients and remove waste products while maintaining homeostasis

Question 52

right side of the heart pumps blood to the ___

Answer 52

lungs

Question 53

left side of the heart pumps blood to the ____

Answer 53

rest of the body

Question 54

each pump has ___ chambers

Answer 54

two

Question 55

Atrium

Answer 55

left and right atria deliever blood to the left and right ventricles

Question 56

ventricles

Answer 56

left and right ventricles supply the main force for moving blood through the pulmonary to the periphery

Question 57

Stimulation of PNS

Answer 57

Bradycardia: <60bpm

Question 58

Stimulation of SNS

Answer 58

Tachycardia: >100bpm

Question 59

Components of an electrocardiogram

Answer 59

pwave QRS complex twave

Question 60

P-wave and QRS complex are recordings of ____ _____

Answer 60

electrical depolarization

Question 61

depolarization causes a ___ of membrane electrical potential

Answer 61

reversal

Question 62

inside of membrane becomes more ____ while outside becomes more ___

Answer 62

positive, negative

Question 63

the t-wave shows

Answer 63

repolarization (recovery from state of depolarization)

Question 64

Atrial system carries blood ___ from the heart

Answer 64

away

Question 65

venous system carries blood ___ the heart

Answer 65

to

Question 66

arteries transport

Answer 66

blood pumped from the heart

Question 67

arteries have strong muscular walls due to

Answer 67

high pressure gradient

Question 68

capillaries exchange __,___,___ between blood and interstitial fluid

Answer 68

blood, o2, nutrients

Question 69

capillaries have ___ walls

Answer 69

thin

Question 70

veins transport blood ____ to the heart

Answer 70

back

Question 71

veins have ___ walls due to ___

Answer 71

thin, low pressure gradient