Chapter One Flashcards
(23 cards)
Perceptual Process
The process by which an environmental stimulus is observed and perceived, beginning with the environmental stimulus and ending with the subject perceiving, recognizing, and taking action with respect to the environmental stimulus
Environmental Stimulus
A stimulus that exists in the environment, as opposed to an internal stimulus
Principle of Transformation
Stimuli and responses created by the stimuli are transformed, or changed, between the environmental stimulus and perception
Principle of Representation
Everything a person perceives is based not on direct contact with stimuli but on representations of stimuli that are formed on the receptors and on activity in the person’s nervous system
Sensory Receptors
Cells specialized to respond to environmental energy
Visual Pigment
A light-sensitive chemical that creates an equivalent electrical charge in response to stimulus by light
Transduction
The transformation of one form of energy into another. For example, the change from light to electric caused by the visual pigment.
Neural Processing
Changes in electrical signals in the brain caused by the signal’s travel through the maze of neurons in the brain
Primary Receiving Area (PRA)
An area of the brain each category of sensory signals have that receive the signals
Occiptial Lobe
The PRA for Vision signals is located in this lobe.
Temporal Lobe
The PRA for hearing is located in this lobe.
Parietal Lobe
The PRA for skin senses such as touch, temperature, and pain is located in this lobe.
Frontal Lobe
This lobe receives signals from all senses, and helps coordinate information between two different senses.
Perception
Conscious awareness of the environment and any objects in the enviroment
Recongition
Placing an object that has been perceived in a meaningful category
Visual Form Agnosia
An inability to recognize objects
Action
Motor activities done in response to the now-recognized environmental stimulus
Rat-Man Demonstration
A demonstration that recently acquired knowledge can influence perception
Data-based Processing
Processing based on the stimuli reaching the receptors.
Knowledge-based Proccessing
Processing that is based on knowledge
Psychophysical approach
An approach to perception that measures the relationship between the stimuli and the behavioral response
Physiological Approach
An approach that measures two relationships: the relationship between stimuli and physiological response and the relationship between physiological responses and behavioral responses
Oblique Effect
An observation that individuals have better detail vision of horizontal and vertical lines than of slanted lines
