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Metallurgy > Chapter One: Elements Molecules and Crystals > Flashcards

Chapter One: Elements Molecules and Crystals Flashcards

1
Q

Extremely Small, Negatively Charged Particles

A

Electrons

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2
Q

Electrons are..

A

Extremely Small, Negatively Charged Particles

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3
Q

Small, Positively Charged Particles

A

Protons

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4
Q

Protons are..

A

Small, Positively Charged Particles

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5
Q

Protons have a mass of … times that of an electron

A

1840 times

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6
Q

Small particles with no electrical charge, that have approx. same mass as a proton.

A

Neutrons

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7
Q

Neutrons are..

A

Small particles with no electrical charge, that have approx. same mass as a proton.

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8
Q

Compounds are substances made up of two or more chemically combined elements. They are composed of either.. or..

A

Molecules or Ions

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9
Q

Atoms with extra electrons or missing electrons

A

Ions

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10
Q

Ions are..

A

atoms with extra electrons or missing electrons

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11
Q

Ions with a positive charge are called

A

Cations

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12
Q

Ions with a negative charge are called

A

Anions

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13
Q

Cations are..

A

..positively charged Ions. i.e. Missing electrons(smaller)

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14
Q

Anions are..

A

..negatively charged Ions. i.e. Extra electrons(larger)

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15
Q

The weight of an atom is referred to as..

A

Atomic Weight

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16
Q

All atomic weights are based on how heavy or light they are compared to carbon-12. What is the atomic weight of carbon-12?

A

The Atomic Weight of carbon-12 is 12.0000 units.

17
Q

The atomic weight is determined by the sum of.. and.. in the atom

A

Protons and Neutrons. Electrons contribution is nearly insignificant

18
Q

Atoms form materials throughout three primary bonding mechanisms

A

Ionic
Covalent
Metallic

19
Q

This bond involves the transfer of electrons from one atom species to another. Results in a coulombic attraction.

A

Ionic Bond

20
Q

Coulombic Attraction is..

A

The force of attraction between positive and negative charges.

21
Q

This bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms of different or like species.

A

Covalent Bond

22
Q

This bond involves a sharing or delocalizing of all valence electrons .

A

Metallic Bond

23
Q

Ionic Bond:

A

The transfer of electrons from one atom species to another. Results in a coulombic attraction.

24
Q

Covalent Bond:

A

The sharing of electrons between atoms of different or like species.

25
Q

Metallic Bond:

A

A sharing or delocalizing of all valence electrons.

26
Q

van der Waals Bond:

A

Coulombic or electrical attraction created by an asymmetrical charge distribution in the molecule

27
Q

Metals have crystalline structures based on one of three crystal geometries.

A

Body-Centered Cubic
Face-Centered Cubic
Hexagonal Close-Packed

28
Q

The two Point Defects in crystals are..

A

Interstitials: Extra atoms
Vacancies: Missing atoms

29
Q

Interstitials:

A

Point defect in crystal structure consisting of extra atoms

30
Q

Vacancies:

A

Point defect in crystal structure consisting of missing atoms

31
Q

Two Linear Defects in crystals are..

A

Edge Dislocations: Extra half planes of atoms

Screw Dislocations: Helical lattice structures

32
Q

Areal Defects in crystals consist of

A

Grain boundaries

33
Q

Point Defects are important in to the metallurgical process of..

A

Diffusion

34
Q

Linear Defects are important in determining..

A

Strength and ductility of metals

35
Q

Areal Defects are important in determining…

A

The properties of metals

36
Q

Allotopic Metals

A

Metals which may exist in two or more crystal structures.

37
Q

Metals which may exist in two or more crystal structures are..

A

Allotropic Metals

Metallurgy (2 decks)

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