chapter seven Flashcards
1
Q
jane goodall
A
- habituated chimpanzees
- observed close bond between mothers and offspring and siblings
- chimps using tools like leaves as sponges for water
- discovered chimps hunted other primates and animals
2
Q
harlow’s experiment
A
- social learning and bonding in rhesus monkeys
- monkeys preferred to cling to soft, cloth-covered “mother” figure over a wire “mother” that provided food
- shows that comfort and emotional security were more important than basic physical needs
- monkeys displayed social and emotional deficits, such as abnormal behaviors in social interactions, and inability to form normal relationships with other monkeys without social learning from mother
3
Q
primate reproductive strategies
A
- sexual dimorphism: difference in gender populations
- due to males competing with each other for females and females competing with each other for resources for their babies
4
Q
co-operation seen in primates
A
- grooming
- altruism (doing something for someone else with no benefit to yourself)
- kin selection (evolutionary benefit of altruism to kin group outweigh costs to the individual)
- mutualism
5
Q
reasons for co-operation in primates
A
- more group members, predator spotted and defeated faster and better
- power in numbers
6
Q
primate residence patterns
A
- one male, multifemale
- one female, multimale
- all male
- multimale, multifemale
- one male, one female
- solitary
7
Q
models for understanding how human language evolved
A
- primate vocalization complex (intricate system of sounds)
- playback experiment: playing the call and watching the behaviour, who’s talking to who, becomes very specific
8
Q
chaca baboons communication
A
- use relevant tones and volumes to shape a “rank” system
9
Q
campbell monkeys communication
A
- they can add on a prefix or suffix,
- their calls have a tense
10
Q
primate communication
A
- gestural (body movement related) communication
- hand clasp (show affection, bonding)
- cultural variants
- vocal dialects
11
Q
kanzi the bonobo
A
taught to
communicate
using symbols
on a keyboard
(lexigrams)
12
Q
koko the gorilla
A
taught
(American
Sign
Language)
ASL
