Chapter Two

Question 1

A foundation of _ should exist in every healthcare provider–patient rela- tionship.

Answer 1

trust

Question 2

Two examples of high ethical standards follow

Answer 2

1. Never let a company;s influence or your personal relationships or greed prevent you from putting the patient’s best interest first
2. Resources should not be wasted due to professional shortcomings

Question 3

The Patient is _

Answer 3

DEAR (Dignity, Empathy, Autonomy, and Respect)

Question 4

What is dignity?

Answer 4

result of another person showing you regard
* Specifically, if you show a patient respect, you can empower that person to feel dignity.

Question 5

Dignity varies depending on what?

Answer 5

the receiver, but it certainly is an issue in certain populations, such as with vulnerable populations like the elderly

Question 6

Dignity is a bit different from what?

Answer 6

from empathyand respect in that it is a result of one or both of the two.
* you can show empathy and respect, but not dignity.

Question 7

What is empathy?

Answer 7

Remembering how you would want to be treated as a patient and understanding patient needs will enhance how you serve patients.

mark of a top-notch healthcare professional

Question 8

What is autonomy?

Answer 8

• a necessary consideration concerning a patient’s rights.
• the act of the patient making his/her own decisions, in partnership with the medical staff, without influence of the medical staff

Question 9

What is respect?

Answer 9

to show that person attention and regard the person’s feelings
* Respect should be given regardless of the person’s characteristics (such as age or economic status)

Question 10

Your top priority every day in your professional life should be what?

Answer 10

the patient’s best interest

Question 11

What should be your response to an agitated patient?

Answer 11

one of empathy and concern

Question 12

What is a healthcare consumer?

Answer 12

anyone seeking profes- sional care or treatment for health

Question 13

What is it good to be and why?

Answer 13

• It is good to be an informed patient; everyone should be.
• When you do find yourself in the patient role, be sure to ask questions and stay informed; however, do not hinder your healthcare providers from serving you

Question 14

What is the overall length of stay, average chares and average costs of hospital visit

Answer 14

• Length of stay: 4.6 days
• Average charges: 26,120
• Average costs: 8,692

Remember, a charge may dramatically differ from what is actually collected from the patient and/or insurance company.

Question 15

What is the standard of care?

Answer 15

• refers to the attention given to a task (with a patient) that would reasonably be expected to be given by anyone in a similar situation
• This term is more a legal term than a medical one, and how it is judged is the foundation of many legal actions against medical professionals.

Question 16

The following are some guidelines of which you should be aware in maintaining a professional relationship with your patients:

Answer 16

look at page 22 and 23

Question 17

What is transference?

Answer 17

A patient may even retain feelings or atti- tudes associated with childhood, which may surface during treatment and may be transferred onto the healthcare provider

Question 18

What is tranderence is usually associated with?

Answer 18

he patient developing feelings of love or sexual attraction to the professional, it can involve other feelings, such as those exhibited in Susan’s case study.

Question 19

What is countertransference?

Answer 19

• Transference does not always originate with the patient.
• When the health- care provider experiences feelings for the patient that are out of the norm, such as love, anger, or any other emotion

Question 20

What is contract for care?

Answer 20

an agreement that creates a relationship where the healthcare provider is to provide care to the patient.

Question 21

What is consent?

Answer 21

• is a patient’s agreement to treatment
• Unlike the contract, consent is for specific health care, such as a consultation or an injection
• Consent comes in two forms: (1) informed (also known as express) and (2) implied

Question 22

What is an important factor in automony?

Answer 22

Informed consent

Question 23

What is informed consent?

Answer 23

• occurs when the phy- sician explains a treatment or procedure(s) and the patient or patient representative agrees to have them performed
• The consent (giving permission) can be verbal, but it is usually written
• This type of consent is most protective of the physician’s liability.

Question 24

What is another term for informed consent?

Answer 24

Express consent

Question 25

What are the barriers that contribute to a lack of understanding on the part of the patient?

Answer 25

Question 26

What is implied consent?

Answer 26

**occurs when a patient’s behavior suggests compliance** * For example, a nurse comes into the examination room and says, “The doctor has ordered a shot of antibiotic for your sinus infection.” If the patient rolls up his or her sleeve to accept the shot, then the patient has given implied consent. This type of consent is more passive, while informed is more active. In emergency situations, such as a car wreck, consent by accident victims is considered implied.

Question 27

What is the good samaritan law?

Answer 27

* rotects the healthcare provider from being sued when performing medical care in good faith * protects healthcare providers and even, in some cases, other providers, such as those who provide free medical services at clinics.

Question 28

Where do the good samaritan law get its name?

Answer 28

a story in the Bible (Luke 10:25–37), where a passerby helped a robbery victim even though he did not know the victim. It turned out that the two men were actually enemies because of their differing religious beliefs. However, while others passed by and did not help the vic- tim, the Good Samaritan tended to his needs without bias or fear of repercussions.

Question 29

The good samaritan law might also include what? What does it mean?

Answer 29

include a “duty to assist” statute, making it a crime (misdemeanor) for a healthcare professional to see an accident and not stop to offer assistance

Question 30

Can a physician fire a patient?

Answer 30

* The wise healthcare consumer knows that he or she may seek other treatment if the physician is not meeting standards or producing results. * However, a physician, in certain situations, also has the legal and moral right to “fire” (release) a patient.

Question 31

What did the american medical association issue? What is it?

Answer 31

Opinion 8.115—Termination of the Physician–Patient Relationship: * Physicians have an obligation to support continuity of care for their patients. While physicians have the option of withdrawing from a case, they cannot do so without giving notice to the patient, the relatives, or responsible friends sufficiently long in advance of withdrawal to permit another medical attendant to be secured

Question 32

Patients may be dismissed from a physician's care due to what?

Answer 32

* Noncompliance * Insurance plan participation * Patient’s failure to keep appointments * Nonpayment

Question 33

What is noncompliance?

Answer 33

noncompliance is when a patient does not follow doctor’s advice. * For example, if a patient seeks care for diabetes but clearly is not following the treatment plan set forth and continues to decline in health, the physician has the legal right to release the patient from care

Question 34

What is insurance plan particpation?

Answer 34

* Physicians often must decide which insurance plans to accept and which ones not to accept. * In such cases, the physician may with due cause dismiss a patient. * Other times, a physician may be restricted from participating in an insurance plan (such as Medicare) due to not following * plan directions properly or due to fraud.

Question 35

What is patient's failure to keep appointments?

Answer 35

When a patient consistently shows up late for an appointment or does not show up at all, he or she may be released from care.

Question 36

What is nonpayment?

Answer 36

If a patient does not pay for service, he or she may be released

Question 37

What is the patient care partnership?

Answer 37

* as a guide for patients to better understand their rights and responsibilities when receiving medical care during a hospital stay. * The document also addresses financial aspects of patient care, confidentiality, and the fact that patients have choices in their own medical care.