Chapter1/2 Flashcards
What is Davant behavior
Human Activity that violates social norms
Social problem prospective
Viewpoint that crime is a result of underlying social issues like poverty, discrimination, breakdown of traditional social institutions, low formal education, family violence, and inadequate socialization practices
Self-reporting research
Investigation where subjects record and report their own behaviors, often used to study sensitive or illegal activities
Evidence based criminology
Is a for of criminology that makes use of rigorous social scientific techniques, especially randomized controlled experiments, and the systematic review of research results
Primary and secondary research
Primary: Characterized by original and direct investigation
Secondary: Based on new evaluations of existing information collected by other researchers
Theoretical criminology
A subfield of general criminology that posits explanations for criminal behavior
Theory: A series of interrelated propositions that attempt to describe, explain, predict, and ultimately control some class of events. A theory gains explanatory power from inherent logical consistency and is tested by how well it describes and predicts reality.
General theory of crime
A theory that attempts to explain all (or at least most) forms of criminal conduct through single, overarching approaches
The consensus prospective
An analytical perspective on social organization that holds that most members of society work together towards a common vision of the greater good
What is a social construction
Is the meaning, notion, or connotation placed on an object or event by society, and adopted by that society with respect to how they view or deal with the object or event.
Socialization and crime
The public contributes to the criminal event both formally and informally. Socialization structure of justice system Mass media Economic conditions.
What is a criminalist
A specialist in the collection and examination of the physical evidence of crime
What is criminality
A behavioral predisposition that disproportionately favors criminal activity
Quantative and qualitative research
Quantative: A research method that produces measurable results
Qualitative: A research technique that produces subjective results, or results that are difficult to quantify
Perspective of contemporary criminologist
Encompasses the newest ideas about people and crime as well as the development of new types of crime
Primary significant of criminal behavior
Is fundamentally social in nature, and any control over crime must stem from effective social policy
Society’s fear of crime
The anxiety and apprehension instilled in society due to the potential of criminal activities, influencing public perceptions and behaviors
What is a statute
Formal written enactment of a legislative body, establishing legal rules and regulations to govern society
What is survey research
Research using a social science data-gathering technique that involves the use of questionnaires
The most seriously unreported crime is…
The most seriously unreported crime may in fact be theft $5000 and under, because the theft of small items may never make it into police reports and may be forgotten by victims during interviews with victimization surveyors
Personal victimization is between what ages
Between ages of 15 and 24 years experienced personal victimization at rates greater than the rates for other groups
What is the best predictor of criminality
The most recent data available indicate that males account for 75% of those adults accused of a criminal offence.
Dissemination of crime data in Canada is known as what
The UCR Survey (Uniform Crime Report)
Population studies since the roman times happen how often
Every 5 years
What percentage of women have experienced one instants of violence
One-half (50%) of all Canadian women reported at least one incident of violence
