Chapter_27_Study_Guide Flashcards
What are the components of the testes?
Components include seminiferous tubules, interstitial cells, and Sertoli cells.
The testes are responsible for sperm production and testosterone secretion.
What is the embryological development of the testes?
The testes develop from the gonadal ridges during embryogenesis, influenced by the SRY gene.
This process involves migration into the scrotum.
What are the events of meiosis in the production of spermatozoa?
Meiosis involves two divisions: meiosis I and meiosis II, resulting in four haploid sperm.
Spermatogenesis transforms diploid spermatogonia into haploid spermatids.
What is the functional anatomy of a mature spermatozoon?
A mature spermatozoon consists of a head, midpiece, and tail.
The head contains the nucleus and acrosome, the midpiece has mitochondria, and the tail is for motility.
What is the role of the male reproductive tract?
The male reproductive tract functions in the maturation, nourishment, storage, and transport of spermatozoa.
Key structures include the epididymis, vas deferens, and urethra.
What are the accessory glands in the male reproductive system?
Accessory glands include seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands.
These glands contribute to seminal fluid composition.
What is the structure and function of the penis?
The penis consists of erectile tissue, urethra, and glans.
It functions in sexual intercourse and urination.
What role do regulatory hormones play in male sexual function?
Regulatory hormones, including LH and FSH, stimulate testosterone production and spermatogenesis.
Testosterone is crucial for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics.
What is the anatomy of the ovaries?
Ovaries are almond-shaped structures containing follicles and are responsible for oocyte production.
They also produce hormones like estrogen and progesterone.
What processes occur during meiosis and oogenesis in the ovaries?
Oogenesis includes the formation of primary oocytes, meiosis I completion, and ovulation of secondary oocytes.
Oogenesis is influenced by hormonal cycles.
What are the structures and functions of the uterine tubes?
Uterine tubes (fallopian tubes) transport oocytes and site of fertilization.
They are lined with ciliated epithelium to facilitate movement.
What are the phases of the uterine cycle?
Phases include the menstrual phase, proliferative phase, and secretory phase.
Each phase is regulated by hormonal changes.
What is the structure and function of the vagina?
The vagina is a muscular canal that serves as the birth canal and receives the penis during intercourse.
It also has a mucosal lining that helps maintain pH balance.
What is the structure and function of the mammary glands?
Mammary glands consist of lobules and ducts and are responsible for milk production and secretion.
Prolactin and oxytocin regulate lactation.
What regulates the female reproductive cycles?
Hormonal regulation involves estrogen, progesterone, LH, and FSH.
These hormones control the menstrual cycle and ovulation.
What are common birth control strategies?
Strategies include hormonal methods, barrier methods, IUDs, and natural methods.
Each method has different efficacy and risk profiles.
What are some common reproductive disorders?
Common disorders include polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, and erectile dysfunction.
These conditions can affect fertility and sexual health.
