Flashcards in Chapters 1-2-12 Deck (64)
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1
health effects classified as (3)
1)Acute
2) Chronic
3)carcinogen
2
CAA
Clean Air act
3
EPA
Environmental Protection Agency
4
NAAQS
National Ambient Air Quality Standards
5
SIPs
State Implementation Plans
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List Air Pollutants
1) PM- mixture small liquid or solid particles in air
2)Sulfur Dioxide (S02)- released from combustion of coal MAY UNDERGO CHEMICAL REACTION CAUSING ACID RAIN
3)Carbon Monoxide- Fossil fuel burned
4) NO2- From fuel combustion- at hight temperature NO oxidizes and forms NO2
5)OZONE O3- transportation sector main source- oxidant- smog
6)Lead- Bioaccumulation... from smelting
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HAPs
Hazardous air pollutants
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MACT
Maximum Available control technology
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TRI
toxic release inventory
10
What is stratospheric ozone depletion
stratosphere absorbs UV-B rays, but as halocarbons are emitted to the atmosphere, they reduce the amount of ozone and more UV-B pass
11
Explain Greenhouse gases
solar energy from sin at short wavelengths that are partially absorbed by earth's surface. warmed surfaces radiate energy back and this energy gets trapped in the atmosphere at longer wavelengths. the balance of this phenomenon determines temperature
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avg. temperature on earth
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13
GWP
Global warming potential
14
Main Greenhouse gases
CO2- 85%
CH4- 10%
halocarbons, N20 (laughing gas), O3 (ozone)
15
Major Water contaminants (9)
1)Pathogens - bacteria, viruses
2) Organic Waste- Human waste & animal excrement...
3)Nutrients- Nitrogen & Phosphorus used in fertilizers and detergents increase quantity algae.... Depletion of dissolved oxygen
4)Toxic Organic Chemicals - PESTICIDES, VOCs
5) Toxic Metals- lead form old pipes
6) Suspended Solids- sun cant go through and vegetation cant survive
7)acidity- biological processes impaired
8)SALTS
9)Heat- biological processes impaired at high temperature
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TSS
Total Suspended Solids
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TDS
Total dissolved solids
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SWDA
SAFE WATER DRINKING ACT, established by EPA
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MCLs
Max. contaminant levels
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FWPCA
Federal water Pollution Control Act
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Name the 3 Obstacles to clean groundwater
1)Petroleum
2)Nitrates From Fertilizers
3)Abandoned Chemical Waste dumps
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Hazardous wastes are described by:
1) IGNITABILITY
2) CORROSIVITY- STRONG ACID BASES
3)REACTIVITY- STRONG REACTIONS
4)TOXICITY- ABILITY TO THREATEN WATER AND SOIL
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TCLP
toxicity characteristic Leaching procedure
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CERCLA
comprehensive environmental response, compensation, liability act
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NON-HAZARDOUS WASTES
1)Trash
2)MSW- Municipal waste
3)Industrial wastes
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AEC
Atomic Energy Commission
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Name the 4 types of radioactive wastes
1)High lever---- MOST DANGEROUS
2) Transuranic -- HEAVIER THAN URANIUM, from weapon production
3)Low level (LLW)- 3 classes A,B,C---- C most dangerous
4)Uranium Mill tailings-- largest volume
28
What is climate??
"Average weather" over 30 year span.... determined by complex interactions of many factors
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Heat flux
radiative energy per surface area ( FROM SUN)
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