Chapters 1-3

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Anything that takes up space and has volume. The stuff of which the universe is composed

Question 2

States of Matter

Answer 2

Solid, liquid and gas

Question 3

Solid

Answer 3

Matter that is rigid and have definite shapes that are difficult to change. Has a definite volume
(Examples: Wood, bone, steel)

Question 4

Liquid

Answer 4

Matter that takes the shape of the container into which they are poured but has a definite volume
(Examples: Water, gasoline, blood)

Question 5

Gas

Answer 5

Matter that takes the shape and volume of its container

Examples: Air, helium, oxygen

Question 6

Physical Properties

Answer 6

Properties of a substance such as appearance, odor, color, volume, state, density, melting point, and boiling point

Question 7

Chemical Properties

Answer 7

The property of a substance which refers to its ability to form new substances

Question 8

Physical Changes

Answer 8

Changes that involves a change in the physical properties but does not change the composition of the substance. The most common physical changes are the changes of state

Question 9

Chemical Changes

Answer 9

A change that affects the fundamental components of the substance in which the substance changes into a different substance or substances. Also called reactions. Example: Rust

Question 10

Elements

Answer 10

Fundamental substances that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical means
(Examples: Iron, oxygen, hydrogen)

Question 11

Compounds

Answer 11

Substances in which certain elements have been bound together to form a substance that always has the same composition no matter where we find them. They can be broken down into their elements. Example: Water

Question 12

Mixture

Answer 12

A mixture of substances that does not always have the same composition
(Examples: Coffee, wine, impure water, wood)

Question 13

Pure Substances

Answer 13

Substances that always have the same compositions. Either elements or compounds

Question 14

Homogeneous Mixture

Answer 14

A mixture that is the same throughout, such as salt completely dissolved in water. Also called a solution

Question 15

Heterogeneous Mixture

Answer 15

A mixture that contains regions that have different properties than other regions such as wet sand in water; it never fully blends

Question 16

Distillation

Answer 16

The separation process in which we boil the liquid which forms a gas, leaving the minerals as a solid residue behind. Then we collect and cool the steam which condenses into pure water

Question 17

Filtration

Answer 17

The separation process in which we pour the mixture onto a mesh which allows the liquid to pass through and leaves the solid behind

Question 18

Chemistry

Answer 18

The science that deals with the materials of the universe and the changes that these materials undergo (Ch 1)