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PTA102 Introduction To Physical Therapy > Chapters 1-3, 7 & 8 > Flashcards

Chapters 1-3, 7 & 8 Flashcards

(90 cards)

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0
Q

Intradisciplinary Care

A

Works together with members of the same discipline

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1
Q

5 elements of patient/client management

A 
Examination
Evaluation
Diagnosis
Prognosis
Intervention
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2
Q

Interdisciplinary Care

A

Works together with all disciplines

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3
Q

Multidisciplinary Care

A

Works separately and independently of different disciplines

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4
Q

General supervision

A

Supervising PT is on call and readily available via telecommunications. (15min return call time)

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5
Q

Direct personal supervision

A

“On site” supervision, PT is present in the facility.

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6
Q

PT treatments from ancient times and still used today are…

A

Therapeutic exercises, massage and hydrotherapy

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7
Q

Who is the “father of medicine”?

A

Hippocrates, he was the first to use exercise as a form of treatment.

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8
Q

What two major historical events in the U.S. led to the creation of physical therapy?

A

The polio epidemic and World War I

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9
Q

Who were the first physical therapists?

A

Reconstruction aides, they were single women between the ages of 25 and 40.

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10
Q

Who was the first president of the AWPTA?

A

Mary McMillan

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11
Q

In what year did the APTA adopt a policy statement that set the foundation for the establishment of education programs for the training and creation of the physical therapists assistant?

A

1967

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12
Q

Who are the members of the Affiliate Assembly?

A

Physical therapy assistants

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13
Q

What impact did the Great Depression and the Balance Budget Act have on the physical therapy profession?

A

The demand for PT decreased and it was hard for therapists to find work.

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14
Q

What are the components of the APTA?

A

52 chapters
18 sections
2 assemblies

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15
Q

Who is the highest policy making body of the APTA?

A

House of Delegates

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16
Q

Where is the APTA headquarters located?

A

Alexandria, Virginia

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17
Q

What is the purpose of CAPTE?

A

Accredits and evaluates educational programs in the U.S. for physical therapists and physical therapist assistants.

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18
Q

Which branch of the APTA is the governing body for certification of clinical specialists?

A

American Board of Physical Therapy Specialties (ABPTS)

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19
Q

Who administers and develops the National Physical Therapy Exam?

A

Federation of State Boards of Physical Therapy (FSBPT)

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20
Q

What is direct access?

A

Patients can directly access physical therapy services without a referral from a physician.

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21
Q

What is the name of the positioning techniques that were used by Taoist priests in China?

A

Cong Fu, helped with pain and chronic rheumatism.

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22
Q

What was the name of the therapeutic exercises used by ancient Romans?

A

Gymnastics

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23
Q

Who developed exercise machines that offered resistance and assistance?

A

Gustav Zander

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24
What is the APTA's position on licensure?
The APTA requires that all PTs and PTAs should be licensed or otherwise regulated in all U.S. jurisdictions.
25
Describe the characteristics of the PTA profession?
Assists the PT in the delivery of selected PT interventions | Graduate of CAPTE accredited education program
26
What are examples of an intervention which is beyond a PTA's level of competency? PTAs can NOT:
``` Evaluate patients Develop or change the plan of care Write discharge plan or summary Perform joint mobilizations Perform wound debridement ```
27
What is the PTA's role in clinical education?
Responsible for all actions and duties of the PTA student in clinical setting (cannot be a CI for a PT student) Facilitates clinical learning experience Assess student's entry level capabilities
28
How many hours of direct supervision does AZ require?
2,000
29
How many assistive personnel can one PT supervise?
3
30
What is the difference between a medical diagnosis and a physical therapy diagnosis?
Physical therapy diagnosis is done by a PT and a medical diagnosis is done by a physician.
31
What are the components of the Nagi Disablement Model?
Pathology Impairments Functional limitations Disability
32
Patient
Individual who receives health care service including PT
33
Client
Individual who is not necessarily sick or injured but could benefit from a PT consultation, advice or services
34
Examination
Process of gathering subjective and objective data about the patient/client.
35
Evaluation
Process by which the PT makes clinical judgments based in data gathered during then examination.
36
Interventions
Skilled techniques and activities that make up the treatment plan.
37
Discharge
Process of discontinuing interventions in a single episode of care.
38
Diagnosis
Involves obtaining relevant patient/client history, performing system reviews, selection and administering tests and interpreting all data.
39
Prognosis
Judgment of the physical therapist about the level of optimal improvement the patient/client may achieve and the amount of time needed to reach that level.
40
Impairments
Abnormalities or dysfunctions of the bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, muscles, nerves or skin or problems with movement resulting from pathology in the brain, spinal cord, cardiovascular or pulmonary systems.
41
Functional limitations
Inabilities of the patient/client to function adequately in his or her environment.
42
Disability
Inability to perform or participate in activities or tasks related to a person's work, home, or community.
43
Primary prevention
Occurs prior to the onset of the disease/disorder.
44
Secondary prevention
Early detection of health problems trying to stop or slow down progression.
45
Tertiary prevention
Attempts to minimize the negative effects of the disease.
46
What is wellness?
Capacity to be in good physical and emotional health
47
Functional training
Intervention involving self-care and home management, including ADLs
48
Functional training in work
Intervention including work, community, and leisure integration or reintegration including IADLs, work hardening and work conditioning.
49
Manual therapy techniques
Intervention using mobilization and/or manipulation
50
Physical agents and mechanical modalities
Intervention includes cold packs, hot packs, ice massage and hydrotherapy
51
Prescription of devices and equipment
Intervention includes orthotic (braces, shoe inserts and splints), prosthetic (upper and lower prostheses) supportive (neck collars, slings and supportive taping), and protective devices (braces, wheelchairs and helmets).
52
Airway clearance techniques
Intervention includes breathing, positioning and manual/mechanical techniques.
53
Integumentary repair
Intervention includes wound/burn care.
54
Electrotherapeutic modalities
Interventions include electrical stimulation.
55
Constitutional laws
Created by federal constitution, ex) unreasonable search and seizure
56
Statutory laws
Second priority after constitutional, enacted by Congress, divided into titles, ex) Medicare and Medicaid, workers compensation acts, ADA
57
Common laws
Third priority as legal tenets, created by judges, most civil laws related to ethical and legal issues, ex) malpractice laws
58
Administrative or regulatory laws
Administered by regulatory agencies, influence business conduct, ex) OSHA or CMS
59
Acute care
Practiced in hospitals, pt stay less than 30 days, are very demanding on PT and PTAs
60
Primary care
PTs and PTAs support the primary care physician and work on an outpatient basis
61
Subacute care
Intermediate level of care for pts too ill to be cared for at home, offered at a subacute hospital or a skilled nursing facility (SNF)
62
Outpatient care
Ambulatory care, provide outpatient preventative services, diagnostic and treatment services
63
Rehabilitation hospitals
Provide care for pts with disabilities and helps them return to maximal functional capacity
64
Chronic care facility
Long-term care, more than 60 days, pts may have permanent disabilities
65
Hospice care
Facilities for pts who are terminally ill and dying
66
Home health care
Provided in home environments, sponsored by government or private insurance or volunteer organizations, pt must be homebound and physician must certify that intervention is necessary, PT must reevaluate every 3-6 weeks
67
School system
Takes place in school setting, PT develops individual education plan (IEP) for student with disability
68
Private practice facility
Can be offered as outpatient services or as contract services
69
Marguerite Sanderson
First supervisor of the reconstruction aides
70
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Nondiscrimination law preventing discrimination against persons with disabilities in areas of employment, public accommodations, state and government services, and telecommunications
71
Title I of ADA
Protects against employment discrimination, ensures reasonable accommodations July 1994 - businesses with 15+ employees
72
Undue hardship
``` Accommodations would be: Excessively disruptive Very Costly Difficult to implement Fundamentally alter the nature of the business operation ```
73
Who is excluded from providing equal accommodations to persons with disabilities?
Religious organizations and some private clubs
74
What is IDEA?
Individuals with Disabilities Act of 1997, ensures access to free and appropriate public education for children with disabilities
75
What is the age range for IDEA
Ages 3-21
76
Why are licensure laws important?
Protect against professional incompetence and violations are punishable as criminal offenses
77
A liability generating conduct on the part of a primary health care professional associated with an adverse outcome of patient care is...
Malpractice
78
Failure to give reasonable care or the giving of unreasonable care is...
Negligence
79
What are the 4 elements of negligence?
Duty - healthcare provider owed legal duty of care to plaintiff Breach - defendant breached or violated legal duty of care Causation - defendant's breach of duty caused injury Damages - plaintiff suffered legally recognizable damages
80
Examples of physical therapy malpractice are...
``` Burns due to defective equipment Utilization of defective equipment Patient falls during gait training Exercise injuries Any action/inaction inconsistent with APTA's ethical standards ```
81
Medical ethics
System of principles governing medical conduct, not enforced by law
82
Medical law
Establishment of social rules for conduct, can result in criminal liability
83
Biomedical ethical principles
Beneficence - doing what's best for a patient Nonmaleficence - do no harm Justice - fair and equal treatment to every patient Veracity - to tell the truth Confidentiality - maintain privacy Autonomy - right of patient to choose
84
What is PHI?
Protected health information, includes oral, written, and electronic information
85
What is HIPAA
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, mandates privacy protection of health information Privacy rule - (DHHS) establishes national standards to protect health information
86
Safeguards for privacy are...
Avoid patient's name in public hallways Speak quietly when discussing patient's condition in waiting room Lock file cabinets or record rooms Require additional passwords for computers
87
Are ethnocentric approaches to healthcare effective?
No, it only takes into consideration own ethnic background
88
What is cultural competence?
Patient has right to receive effective care regardless of ethnic background
89
Elements of informed consent
``` Nature of procedure is clear Reasonable alternatives are proposed Relevant risks, benefits, and uncertainties are explained Assessment of patient understanding Patient must accept intervention ```

PTA102 Introduction To Physical Therapy (4 decks)

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