chapters 1.1-1.6

Question 1

direct democracy is…?

Answer 1

citizens meet and vote directly on gov. decisions

Question 2

representative democracy is…?

Answer 2

citizens choosing officials who make decisions on gov. policy

Question 3

john locke believed in what?

Answer 3

natural rights; life, liberty, and property

Question 4

hobbes believed in what?

Answer 4

people need to give up total freedom in order to live a peaceful life

Question 5

locke vs hobbes on central gov.?

Answer 5

locke believed that people should give some power to the gov so that they could protect the people’s natural rights. hobbes believed society would work best if there was strict authority.

Question 6

social contract theory + who believed in it?

Answer 6

people get in a social contract with the gov. and allow themselves to be ruled. made by rousseau

Question 7

natural rights

Answer 7

idea that all people are born with a set of rights that no gov. can ever take away from them.

Question 8

declaration of independence

Answer 8

made by jefferson, justified american revolution against england, built from ideas like “life, liberty, pursuit of happiness,” social contract theory, etc.

Question 9

weaknesses in the articles of confederation

Answer 9

• states too independent, weak association
• no federal power to tax citizens
• no strong central gov to keep state govs in line

Question 10

common good

Answer 10

whats best for the nation overall

Question 11

shays rebellion

Answer 11

came from weaknesses in articles of confederation. farmer who protested against gov. because he lost his money and property. example of weak gov

Question 12

constitutional debate

Answer 12

convention in philly, 1787, to write new consitution. major debates between federalists vs anti-federalists, north vs south states, big vs small states,

Question 13

3/5 compromise

Answer 13

created by states with large enslaved population, enslaved people could vote but 1 would only count as 3/5 of a normal vote

Question 14

connecticut compromise resulted in?

Answer 14

bicameralism

Question 15

bicameralism is…?

Answer 15

congress/legislature having two houses, house of representatives and senate

Question 16

federalists

Answer 16

wanted strong central gov

Question 17

anti-federalists

Answer 17

wanted less central power more states power

Question 18

what did article 1 in the constitution address?

Answer 18

legislative branch; house + senate: congress

Question 19

what did article 2 in the constitution address?

Answer 19

executive branch: president + advisors

Question 20

what did article 3 in the constitution address?

Answer 20

judicial branch: supreme court and other federal courts

Question 21

what did article 4 in the constitution address?

Answer 21

relations between states

Question 22

what did article 5 in the constitution address?

Answer 22

how a new amendment would be created

Question 23

separation of powers

Answer 23

each three branches of gov have their own independent power

Question 24

what does the legislative branch do?

Answer 24

passes laws

Question 25

what does the executive branch do?

Answer 25

carries out laws

Question 26

what does the judicial branch do?

Answer 26

interprets laws and decides if they're constitutional

Question 27

checks and balances

Answer 27

each branch has some power over the others but keeps its independence

Question 28

federalism

Answer 28

separation of powers between federal, states, and local govs

Question 29

bill of rights

Answer 29

1st the amendments to the constitution that guarantees certain rights

Question 30

1st amendment

Answer 30

freedom of speech

Question 31

2nd amendment

Answer 31

right to bear arms

Question 32

4th amendment

Answer 32

no unreasonable searches

Question 33

5th amendment

Answer 33

right to trial

Question 34

6th amendment

Answer 34

right to quick trial with lawyer

Question 35

8th amendment

Answer 35

no extreme bails or fines, no cruel or unusual punishments

Question 36

10th amendment

Answer 36

federal gov only has the powers states in the constitution