Chapters 3 & 4 Flashcards
Aristotle
Thought all matter was composed from earth, wind, fire and water
Democritus
Believed everything was composed of atoms
Law of conservation of mass
Lavoisier, created by dalton and gave good ideas about atoms
Law of Definite Proportions
Specific substances always contain elements in the same ratio by mass
Dalton’s atomic theory
- All matter is composed of tiny indivisible partials called atoms
- Atoms of the same element are alike and atoms of different elements are different
- Atoms combine in simple whole number ratios to form compounds
- Atoms cannot be created or destroyed, just rearranged in chemical change
Thomson
Worked with cathode day tube, discovered electrons
Anode
Positive terminal
Cathode
Negative terminal
Rutherford
Gold foil experiment, found it was densely packed with positive charge
Proton
Positive charge, found in nucleus
Neutron
No charge, found in nucleus
Electron
Negative charge, found in electron cloud
Atomic number
The number of protons
Atomic mass
Total number of protons and neutrons
Isotopes
Atoms of the element that differ in mass number
Ground state
Lower energy level
Excited state
Higher energy level
Longer wavelength, green or yellow?
Yellow
Higher frequency and X-ray or a microwave
X-ray
Which light travels faster, ultraviolet or infrared light
Same, all light travels at 3•10^8 m/s
How are frequency and wavelength related
When wavelength increases frequency decreases and viscera
Wavelength
Distance between crests
Frequency
Number of wave cycles
Quantum
Minimum amount of energy that can be lost or gained by an atom
