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Music History II > Chapters 39-46 > Flashcards

Chapters 39-46 Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

Chorale prelude

A

Ornamented chorale tune for organ

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2
Q

Orgelbüchlein

A

A collection of 46 pieces written by Bach between 1708 and 1713

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3
Q

Pedal point

A

Sustained or repeated pitch usually in the bass line, with harmonies that change around it

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4
Q

Kapellmeister

A

Director of music of both the chapel and court (Bach)

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5
Q

The Well-Tempered Clavier

A

Collection of preludes and fugues by Bach in two books (early 1700s)

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6
Q

Picardy Third

A

Ending a minor piece with a major chord

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7
Q

Subject

A

Repeated theme from a fugue

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8
Q

Exposition

A

Opening section of a fugue where subject is stated

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9
Q

Countersubject

A

Thematically distinctive material

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10
Q

Invertible counterpoint

A

Theme that is moved to another voice

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11
Q

Fugue

A

Contrapuntal composition for two, three, four or five voices that begins with a subject free from counterpoint. Then an imitation in each voice (exposition)

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12
Q

Obbligato

A

Indicates a composer has written a specific part for an instrument

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13
Q

Partita

A

Bach used as another word for suite

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14
Q

Brandenburg concertos

A

Composed by Bach at Cöthen

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15
Q

Fortspinnung

A

Spun out.

Creates an unvarying mood

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16
Q

The Chorale cantata

A

Sacred vocal genre that employs the text and tune of a pre-existing Lutheran chorale

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17
Q

Violino piccolo

A

A small violin usually tuned a minor third higher than the normal violin

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18
Q

Accompanied recitative

A

Soloist singer accompanied

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19
Q

Colla parte

A

Instrumental part doubles vocal line

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20
Q

Passion

A

Musical depiction of Christ’s crucifixion from the Gospels

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21
Q

Collegium Musicum

A

Musicians that came together voluntarily to play the latest music at public places such as a cafe

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22
Q

Goldberg Variations

A

Written by Bach. A collection of 30 variations proceeded and concluded by a simple air passage

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23
Q

The Art of Fugue

A

Collection of fugues and canons all from the same subject and all for keyboard

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24
Q

Enlightenment

A

Movement that dominated the 18th century.

Science, politics and philosophy

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25
Les philosophes
French encyclopedia. Principles of social justice, equality and religious tolerance
26
Galant style
18th century music during transition between Baroque and Classical eras. Graceful, light in texture and generally symmetrical in melodic structure
27
Faustina Bordoni
Wife of Johann Hasse Prima donna opera singer
28
Prima donna
Diva opera singer that is very talented and demanding
29
Pietro Metastasio
Principle librettist of 18th century opera serian
30
Characteristics of opera seria during the 18th century
- Praises heroic action of ruler - elaborate scenery - happy ending - castrati lead and tenor or bass is villain or authority figure
31
Coloratura
Florid and ornamented passage by a soprano voice
32
Ballad opera
Comic opera using re-texted ballads and spoken dialogue From England!!
33
Ballad
Strophic song that tells a lengthy story
34
Opera buffa
Comic opera from Italy
35
Intermezzo
Musical diversion between acts of a play
36
La Guerre des Bouffons
Which style of opera (French or Italian) is the most appropriate and should be used? Tragedie lyrique or opera buffa?
37
Opera comique
French version of opera buffa
38
Reform opera
Sought to combine the best of French and Italian styles of comic opera Both Italian lyricism and French dramatics and expression
39
Obbligato recitative
Orchestra is necessary for the desired musical effect
40
Characteristics of reform opera
- restrained vocal style - strophic form is favored - simple libretto - includes dance
41
Characteristics of comic opera
- appeal to more middle class - situations from everyday life - contained spoken dialogue - pantomime and slapstick comedy
42
Concert symphony
Three to four movement instrumental work projecting
43
Consequent phrase
Four bar complimentary unit that returns piece to tonic key
44
Mannheim crescendo
Gradual increase from very soft to very loud
45
Mannheim rocket
Triadic theme that Bursts forth as a rising arpeggio
46
Alberti bass
Animates simple triads by playing notes in a pattern
47
Pianoforte
Plays piano and forte Narrow range and small tone
48
Acciaccatura
Scarlatti invention Dissonant downbeat chords
49
Essay in the True Art of Playing the Keyboard
C.P.E. Bach's keyboard instruction book
50
Empfindsamer Stil
German sensitive style
51
Fantasia
18th century Improvisatory work and unbarred Creative work
52
Viennese School
In Vienna Mozart, Haydn and young Beethoven
53
Sonata form
Classical era Expansion of rounded binary Includes an A section called the exposition, development, retransition and recapitulation
54
Forms of the classical era
Ternary form Theme and variations Rondo form
55
Symphony
Classical genre Large scale instrumental work Replaced solo concerto and concerto grosso
56
Concerto
Classical era Solo only Usual violin and keyboard
57
Divertimento
Lighter style of music with five movements
58
Serenade
Also light style in Vienna
59
Harmonie
Independent wind band (german word in Vienna)
60
String quartet
Haydn Violins, viola and cello
61
Classical era Sonata
Instrumental chamber music with two, three or rarely four movements Haydn, Mozart and Clementi
62
The Esterházy family
Haydn wrote music for this rich family For over thirty years
63
Baryton
Like a viola da gamba with six strings
64
Minuet
Triple meter dance added to the end of a Baroque dance suite
65
Minuet and trio
Rounded binary Sometimes included in a symphony: Fast/slow/minuet and trio/fast
66
Concertante
Haydn Instruments regularly emerge from texture
67
Sturm und drang
Storm and stress
68
Emperor quartet
Reflects the Napoleonic Wars
69
Paris Symphonies
Haydns six symphonies (82-87)
70
London Symphonies
Haydn wrote these in London They made him a lot of money (the most out of any other place he wrote music)
71
Cadenza
Expanded cadence before a soloist performs
72
Singspiel
German!! opera buffa Light comic opera with spoken dialogue
73
Sonata rondo form
Mozart Combination of sonata and a rondo

Music History II (4 decks)

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