Chapters 4, 5

Question 1

Two widely used classification systems?

Answer 1

International Classification of Diseases (CD) and DSM

Question 2

Reliability

Answer 2

the consistency of a measurement (dealing with diagnosis)

Question 3

Interrater reliability

Answer 3

refers to the agreement of clinicians about diagnosis

Question 4

Test-retest reliability

Answer 4

the consistency with which a patient displays the diagnosable symptoms between assessments

Question 5

etiological validity

Answer 5

concerned with factors that contribute to the onset of the disorder

Question 6

concurrent validity

Answer 6

concerned with current correlations between the disorder and other symptoms or behaviors

Question 7

predictive validity

Answer 7

concerned with the course and stability of the disorder over time

Question 8

validity

Answer 8

the meaning of a measurement

Question 9

split-half reliability

Answer 9

measures the internal consistency of the items within a test

different questions asking the same thing

Question 10

Most frequently used assessment procedure?

Answer 10

Interviews

Question 11

Behavioral coding systems

Answer 11

formal observational schedules. focus on frequency of specific, targeted behavioral events. can include self-monitoring

Question 12

MMPI-2

Answer 12

most widely used psychological test

500+ statements rated by test taker as true/false for her/himself

Question 13

Rorschach test

Answer 13

10 inkblots used to assess personality characteristics and psychopathology

Question 14

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

Answer 14

a series of drawings that depict human figures in various ambiguous situations

Question 15

MRI

Answer 15

static brain imaging.

provides clear images which can be more easily transformed into 3 dimensions

Question 16

PET

Answer 16

dynamic brain imaging.

reflects changes in activity of the brain regions using radioactive glucose

Question 17

CT

Answer 17

static brain imaging.

static images of specific brain structures, usually replace by the MRI

Question 18

fMRI

Answer 18

rapid images of changes in brain activity obtained through the measurement of oxygen flow

Question 19

Barnum effect

Answer 19

applies to EVERYONE (e.g. horoscopes)

Question 20

EEG

Answer 20

noninvasive procedure that measures and records brainwaves

Question 21

Electrodermal activity (EDA)

Answer 21

measures sweat gland activity/skin response

Question 22

Biofeedback

Answer 22

trains patients to recognize and modify physiological symptoms

Question 23

Anterior Cingulate Cortex

Answer 23

keeps attention fixed on feelings of unease

Question 24

Affect

Answer 24

pattern of observable behaviors associated with emotion

Question 25

depression

Answer 25

a mood!

Question 26

mania

Answer 26

involves a disturbance in mood where person feels euphoric (exaggerated feelings of emotional well being, inflated esteem)

Question 27

Mood disorders

Answer 27

episodic. generally experience depression or mania during relatively separate periods of time

Question 28

Bipolar disorder

Answer 28

episodes of depression and mania

Question 29

depressive disorders

Answer 29

episodes of depression

Question 30

Beck's depressive triad

Answer 30

focusing on negative aspects of the SELF, ENVIRONMENT, and FUTURE

Question 31

60% of depressed patience also experience?

Answer 31

anxiety

Question 32

Major depressive disorder

Answer 32

experience of a depressive episode

Question 33

Dysthymia

Answer 33

persistent depressive disorder - less severe symptoms but predominantly depressed mood for at least 2 years

Question 34

Bipolar I

Answer 34

at least one manic episode (one week)

Question 35

Bipolar II (hypomania)

Answer 35

at least one major depressive episode and at least one hypomanic episode (no full-blown manic episodes)

Question 36

hypomania

Answer 36

less severe period of increased energy/euphoria

Question 37

Cyclothymia

Answer 37

bipolar equivalent of dysthymia (severe mood swings) at least 2 years in which the person experiences hypomanic episodes and periods of depression but NO major depressive or manic episodes

Question 38

Gender differences in depression?

Answer 38

Women are 2 or 3x more vulnerable to depression

Question 39

Gender diferences in bipolar mood disorders?

Answer 39

Not typically observed

Question 40

MAO-Is

Answer 40

- Not as effective as tricyclics | - Side effects (cheese and chocolate consumption --increase BP)

Question 41

Medicine treatment for bipolar disorder?

Answer 41

Lithium, anticonvulsants