Chapters 4/5 Flashcards
(105 cards)
1
Q
A charter of liberties agreed to by King John of England, it made the King obey the same laws as citizens
A
Magana carta
2
Q
What is the English Bill of Rights?
A
A shift of power from the British monarchy to Parliament
3
Q
A shift of power from the British monarchy to Parliament
A
English Bill of Rights
4
Q
What is the Constitution?
A
A set of basic principles that determines the powers and duties of a government
5
Q
A set of basic principles that determines the powers and duties of a government
A
Constitution
6
Q
What is the Virginia statute for religious freedom?
A
A document that gave people in Virginia freedom of worship and prohibited tax money from being used to fund churches
7
Q
A document that gave people in Virginia freedom of worship and prohibited tax money from being used to fund churches
A
Virginia statute for religious freedom
8
Q
What is suffrage?
A
Voting rights
9
Q
Voting rights
A
Suffrage
10
Q
What are the articles of confederation?
A
Document that created the first central government for the United States; was replaced by the constitution in 1789
11
Q
Document that created the first central government for the United States; was replaced by the constitution in 1789
A
Articles of confederation
12
Q
What year did the constitution replace the articles of confederation
A
1789
13
Q
What is ratification
A
An official approval
14
Q
An official approval
A
Ratification
15
Q
What is the land ordinance of 1785
A
Legislation passed by Congress authorizing surveys and the division of public lands in the western region of the country
16
Q
Legislation passed by Congress authorizing surveys and the division of public lands in the western region of the country
A
Land ordinance of 1785
17
Q
What is the Northwest ordinance of 1787
A
Legislation passed by Congress to establish a political structure for the north west territory and create a system for the admission of new states
18
Q
Legislation passed by Congress to establish a political structure for the north west territory and create a system for the admission of new states
A
Northwest ordinance of 1787
19
Q
What is the northwest territory
A
Land including present-day Illinois Indiana Michigan Ohio and Wisconsin; organized by the Northwest ordinance of 1787
20
Q
Land including present-day Illinois Indiana Michigan Ohio and Wisconsin; organized by the Northwest ordinance of 1787
A
Northwest territory
21
Q
What are tariffs
A
A tax on imports or exports
22
Q
A tax on imports or exports
A
Tariffs
23
Q
What is inter states commerce
A
Trade between two or more states
24
Q
Trade between two or more states
A
Interstate commerce
25
What is depression
A steep drop in economic activity combined with rising unemployment
26
A steep drop in economic activity combined with rising unemployment
Depression
27
Who is Daniel Shays
Revolutionary war officer who led shays rebellion, an uprising in Massachusetts that shut down the court so that farmers would not lose their farms for tax debts. He was defeated and condemned to death, but pardoned
28
Revolutionary war officer who led shays rebellion, an uprising in Massachusetts that shut down the court so that farmers would not lose their farms for tax debts. He was defeated and condemned to death, but pardoned
Daniel Shays
29
What is Shays rebellion
And uprising of Massachusetts farmers, led by Daniel Shays, to protest high taxes, heavy debt, and farm foreclosures
30
And uprising of Massachusetts farmers, led by Daniel Shays, to protest high taxes, heavy debt, and farm foreclosures
Shays rebellion
31
What is a constitutional convention
A meeting held in Philadelphia at which delegates from the states wrote the constitution
32
A meeting held in Philadelphia at which delegates from the states wrote the constitution
Constitutional convention
33
Who is James Madison
American states man, he was a delegate to the Constitutional convention, the fourth president of United States, the author of some of the Federalist papers, and is called the father of the constitution for his proposal at the Constitutional convention. He led the United States through the war of 1812
34
American states man, he was a delegate to the Constitutional convention, the fourth president of United States, the author of some of the Federalist papers, and is called the father of the constitution for his proposal at the Constitutional convention. He led the United States through the war of 1812
James Madison
35
What is the Virginia plan
The plan for government proposed at the constitutional convention in which the national government would have supreme power and a legislative branch would have two houses with the representation determined by state population
36
The plan for government proposed at the constitutional convention in which the national government would have supreme power and a legislative branch would have two houses with the representation determined by state population
Virginia plan
37
What is the New Jersey plan
A proposal to create a unicameral legislature with equal representation of states rather than representation by population; rejected at the Constitutional convention
38
What is the manga carta?
A charter of liberties agreed to by King John of England, it made the King obey the same laws as citizens
39
A proposal to create a unicameral legislature with equal representation of states rather than representation by population; rejected at the Constitutional convention
New Jersey plan
40
What is the great compromise
An agreement Worked out at the Constitutional convention establishing that the states population would determine representation in the lower house of the legislature, each state would have equal representation in the upper house of the legislature
41
An agreement Worked out at the Constitutional convention establishing that the states population would determine representation in the lower house of the legislature, each state would have equal representation in the upper house of the legislature
Great compromise
42
What is the 3/5 compromise
An agreement worked out at the Constitutional convention stating that only 3/5 of the slaves in the state would count when determining its population for representation in the lower house of Congress
43
An agreement worked out at the Constitutional convention stating that only 3/5 of the slaves in the state would count when determining its population for representation in the lower house of Congress
3/5 compromise
44
What is popular sovereignty
The idea that political authority belongs to the people
45
The idea that political authority belongs to the people
Popular sovereignty
46
What is federalism
United States system of government in which power is distributed between a central government and individual states
47
United States system of government in which power is distributed between a central government and individual states
Federalism
48
What is the legislative branch
The division of the government that proposes bills and passes them into laws
49
The division of the government that proposes bills and passes them into laws
Legislative branch
50
What is the executive branch
The division of the federal government that includes the president and the administrative departments; enforces the nations laws
51
The division of the federal government that includes the president and the administrative departments; enforces the nations laws
Executive branch
52
What is the judicial branch
The division of the federal government that is made of the National courts; interprets laws, punishes criminals, and settles disputes between states
53
The division of the federal government that is made of the National courts; interprets laws, punishes criminals, and settles disputes between states
Judicial branch
54
What are checks and balances
A system of established by the Constitution that prevents any branch of Government from becoming too powerful
55
A system of established by the Constitution that prevents any branch of Government from becoming too powerful
Checks and balances
56
What are anti-federalists
People who opposed ratification of the constitution
57
People who opposed ratification of the constitution
Anti-federalists
58
Who is George mason
A delegate who became an anti-federalist
59
What are federalists
Supported ratification of the Constitution
60
Supported ratification of the Constitution
Federalists
61
What are the federalist papers
A series of essays that defended and explained the constitution and tried to reassure Americans states would not be overpowered by the proposed national government
62
A series of essays that defended and explained the constitution and tried to reassure Americans states would not be overpowered by the proposed national government
Federalist papers
63
What are amendments
Official change, correction, or addition to a law or constitution
64
Official change, correction, or addition to a law or constitution
Amendment
65
What is the bill of rights
The first 10 amendments to the constitution; ratified in 1791
66
The first 10 amendments to the constitution; ratified in 1791
Bill of rights
67
In what year was the Bill of Rights ratified
1791
68
What is the federal system
A system that divided powers between the states and the federal government
69
A system that divided powers between the states and the federal government
Federal system
70
What does impeach mean
To bring charges against
71
To bring charges against
Impeach
72
What does veto mean
To cancel
73
To cancel
Veto
74
What are executive orders
Non-legislative directives issued by the US president in certain circumstances; they have the force of congregational law
75
Non-legislative directives issued by the US president in certain circumstances; they have the force of congregational law
Executive orders
76
What are pardons
Freedom from punishment
77
Freedom from punishment
Pardon
78
Who is Thurgood Marshall
First African-American US Supreme Court Justice, he represented as a lawyer the national Association for the advancement of colored people and fought racial segregation
79
First African-American US Supreme Court Justice, he represented as a lawyer the national Association for the advancement of colored people and fought racial segregation
Thurgood Marshall
80
Who is the Sandra Day O'Connor
Associate justice of the US Supreme Court, she was the first woman appointed to the court
81
Associate justice of the US Supreme Court, she was the first woman appointed to the court
Sandra Day O'Connor
82
What is majority rule
The idea that policies are decided by the greatest number of people
83
The idea that policies are decided by the greatest number of people
Majority rule
84
What is a petition
To make a formal request of the government
85
To make a formal request of the government
Petition
86
What is a search warrant
A judges order authorizing the search of a person's home or property to look for evidence of a crime
87
A judges order authorizing the search of a person's home or property to look for evidence of a crime
Search warrant
88
What is due process
The fair application of the law
89
The fair application of the law
Due Process
90
Indict
To formally accuse
91
To formally accuse
Indict
92
What is a double jeopardy
The act of trying a person twice for the same crime
93
The act of trying a person twice for the same crime
Double jeopardy
94
What is eminent domain
The government's power to take personal property to benefit the public
95
The government's power to take personal property to benefit the public
Eminent domain
96
What are naturalized citizens
A person born in another country who has been granted citizenship in the US
97
A person born in another country who has been granted citizenship in the US
Naturalized citizen
98
What is a deport
To send an immigrant back to his or her country of origin
99
To send an immigrant back to his or her country of origin
Deport
100
What is a draft
A system of required service in the armed forces
101
A system of required service in the armed forces
Draft
102
What are political action committees
An organization that collects money to distribute to candidates who support the same issues as the contributors
103
An organization that collects money to distribute to candidates who support the same issues as the contributors
Political action committees
104
What are interest groups
A Group of people who share common interests for political action
105
A Group of people who share common interests for political action
Interest groups
