chapters 41,42,& 43--GI

Question 1

____ _____ blood indicates active bleeding

Answer 1

bright red

Question 2

one of the primary causes of GERD is decreased ______ _______ ______ pressure

Answer 2

lower esophageal sphincter

Question 3

emesis with “coffee ground” appearance related to _______ bleeding

Answer 3

gastric

Question 4

emesis with ______ _____ appearance related to gastric bleeding

Answer 4

coffee ground

Question 5

_____ are common in pts with Crohns

Answer 5

fistulas

Question 6

_____ _____ often causes left lower quadrant abdominal pain

Answer 6

ulcerative colitis

Question 7

______ disease often causes right lower quadrant abdominal pain

Answer 7

crohns

Question 8

_____ is more effective at treating esophagitis than pantoprazole

Answer 8

famotidine

Question 9

_______ is used to treat an actively bleeding ulcer

Answer 9

esomeprazole

Question 10

brand name for esomeprazole

Answer 10

Nexium

Question 11

lactulose indicated if ______ ______ level is elevated

Answer 11

serum ammonia

Question 12

______ is indicated if serum ammonia level is elevated

Answer 12

lactulose

Question 13

________ _______ used for pts with mild, intermittent heartburn

Answer 13

calcium carbonate

Question 14

ulcerative colitis is caused by ______ and ______ in rectum and rectosigmoid colon

Answer 14

edema
inflammation

Question 15

_____ ____ can be implemented to manage ulcerative colitis

Answer 15

sitz baths

Question 16

_______ used to treat ulcerative colitis

Answer 16

aminoacylates

Question 17

aminoacylates can be oral, _______, or ________

Answer 17

suppositiories
enemas

Question 18

_______ may be present in stool in pts with diarrhea

Answer 18

leukocytes

Question 19

______ causes large volume, watery stools

Answer 19

norovirus

Question 20

norovirus can cause ________ pain

Answer 20

periumbilical

Question 21

a ____ can be performed for a pt with abdominal ascites

Answer 21

paracentesis

Question 22

when a pt has a non-mechanical intestinal obstruction, place in ___ _____ position

Answer 22

semi fowlers

Question 23

small bowel obstructions can cause _______ ______

Answer 23

metabolic alkalosis

Question 24

large intestine obstructions can cause _______ ______

Answer 24

metabolic acidosis

Question 25

_____ ____ bowel sounds heard in pts with ulcerative colitis

Answer 25

high pitched

Question 26

rigid, board-like abdomen is a hallmark indication of ________

Answer 26

peritonitis

Question 27

low ___ diet used for pts with pancreatitis

Answer 27

fat

Question 28

______ or ____ bowel sounds with pancreatitis

Answer 28

decreased or absent

Question 29

____ sign is a manifestation of pancreatitis

Answer 29

cullens

Question 30

______ _____ ____ are presented as bruising on flanks

Answer 30

grey turner spots

Question 31

in ______ the "ases" are high

Answer 31

pancreatitis

Question 32

blood _____ and blood ______ elevated in pancreatitis

Answer 32

amylase lipase

Question 33

what 2 electrolytes are decreased with pancreatitis?

Answer 33

calcium magnesium

Question 34

____ can be used to promote the excretion of ammonia from body through stool in pts with cirrhosis

Answer 34

lactulose

Question 35

_____ antibodies present with hepatitis A

Answer 35

IGG

Question 36

postitive _______ seen in pts with hepatitis C

Answer 36

EIA (enzyme immunoassay)

Question 37

hepatitis B transmitted through ____ and ______ ______

Answer 37

blood bodily fluids

Question 38

hepatitis A transmitted via ______- ______ _____

Answer 38

fecal oral route

Question 39

most common mode of hepatitis C transmission is _________ _____ ______

Answer 39

sharing contaminated needles

Question 40

______ transmission is the most common mode of transmission of hepatitis A

Answer 40

sexual

Question 41

_____ vaccine and ___ are used as post exposure prophylaxis for pts exposed to hepatitis B

Answer 41

HBV HBIG

Question 42

_____ ideally given 24 hours after exposure to hepatitis B

Answer 42

HBIG

Question 43

____ ____ test used to confirm HIV diagnosis

Answer 43

western blot

Question 44

another word for black, tarry stool

Answer 44

melena

Question 45

_______ is an indicator of slow bleeding from Upper GI source

Answer 45

melena

Question 46

for a pt with an obstruction administer IV _______ ____ or ______ ____

Answer 46

normal saline lactated ringers

Question 47

are electrolyte imbalances more severe with a small bowel obstruction or a large intestine obstruction?

Answer 47

small bowel obstructions

Question 48

for a pt with an intestinal obstruction administer ______ after verifying renal function

Answer 48

potassium

Question 49

most common cause of small bowel obstructions are ________ ________

Answer 49

surgical adhesions

Question 50

if the obstruction is in the small intestines, ____ occurs rapidly

Answer 50

dehydration

Question 51

if an obstruction is in the _______ _______, dehydrating occurs rapidly

Answer 51

small intestines

Question 52

______ _____ pain is usually the 1st sign of an obstruction

Answer 52

colicky abdominal pain

Question 53

4 hallmark signs of an obstruction (acdv)

Answer 53

abdominal pain distention vomiting constipation

Question 54

_____ transmission is the most common mode of transmission of hepatitis B

Answer 54

perinatal

Question 55

acute hepatitis ___ presents as asymptomatic

Answer 55

C

Question 56

no vaccine for hepatitis ____

Answer 56

C

Question 57

if person is exposed to hepatitis C, baseline ______-____ and _____ levels measured

Answer 57

anti-HCV ALT