Charles I 1640 - 49 - Prerogative Vs Privilige Flashcards
(16 cards)
1640 – 60 The Long Parliament
MP’s could not agree to anything other than its dissolution and were loosely united against the Personal Rule and wanting to reform Charles’ rule from within. Many wanted to address grievances at the start of the Parliament and despite political and religious divisions, few wanted a civil war.
1640 Bedford’s financial settlement
The Earl of Bedford attempted to reform Crown finance by bridging gap between Crown and Parliament by a return to the Elizabethan Protestant Church, the abolition of the financial and political aspects of Personal Rule and a separate financial settlement agreed by Parliament for Charles.
1641 Wentworth and the Bill of Attainder
One of the Long Parliament’s first actions was to impeach Wentworth due to their fears over his influence over Charles. Pym was a leading figure in charging Wentworth, and this was proceeded with a Bill of Attainder (anyone seen as a threat to the State to be removed without trial).
1641 Army Plot & Protestation Oath
Charles heightened political tensions in the conspiracies of the Army Plot where royal officers would seize the Tower of London, release Wentworth and dissolve Parliament. The Oath discussed that Catholicism and absolutism were linked and this plot was to establish them, an obvious distrust of the Crown.
1641 Death of ‘bridging appointments’
The death of both Wentworth and Bedford (from illness) meant Charles was less inclined to work with parliament and were the death of the ‘bridging appointments’ between Crown and Parliament.
1641 Growing Opposition outside Parliament
The ‘London Mob/ Crowd’ were given to the people to Londoners who participated in politics and supported Parliamentary causes. MP’s were aware of their presence through examples such as the 15,000 signatures for Root and Branch Petition.
1641 Growing Opposition outside Parliament
The ‘London Mob/ Crowd’ were given to the people to Londoners who participated in politics and supported Parliamentary causes. MP’s were aware of their presence through examples such as the 15,000 signatures for Root and Branch Petition.
1640 Influence of John Pym
Pym’s radical position emerged during the Long Parliament as a chief opponent of Charles and his aims included removal and punishment of Charles’ ‘evil councillors’, a political settlement and the removal of threat of Catholic popery. Pym was the face of the opposition of Charles through impeaching Wentworth and Laud, controlling Charles through finance, alliance with the Covenanters and supporting Bedford’s scheme.
1640 Root & Branch Petition
A petition demanding the end of episcopacy (bishops governing the Church) was signed by 15,000 Londoners and was debated in Parliament causing division: A clear disagreement with what to replace Laudianism with and many saw the reorganisation of the Church was undermining the order of society.
1641 Triennial Act
Abolished ship money without parliamentary consent and stated Charles had to call a Parliament every 3 years and should last a minimum of 50 days, ensuring there would not be another Personal Rule.
1640’s Development of a Royalist
After the rise of opposition and Pym against the monarch, the royalist party formed. Divisions were caused by the interventions to prevent another Personal Rule, the divisive opinions on. The Bill of Attainder and the religious issues of bishops. Moderates became scared of the growing radicals such as Pym.
1641 Ten Propositions
Parliament proposed a document making it clear the King should make some concessions such as parliamentary input into: who was in the Privy Council, who was around the queen and religious education for the royal children, however there was little chance Charles would agree.
1641 Grand Remonstrance
Pym introduced a list of criticisms of Charles’ government since 1625 which demonstrated the distrust of Charles that he could not be trusted with an army to crush the Irish Rebellion. It was strongly anti-Catholic in discussing religious disputes. Seen as a direct attack on Charles and the division over whether the Grand Remonstrance should be published shows the divisions between Parliament results in the two sides in the Civil War. It was a split vote when passed only 159 to 148 with an increased royalist vs radical views.
1641 The Militia Bill
The bill forced MP’s to take sides on who should command the army. Haselrig introduced it to remove the king’s power over the trained bands completely and to give parliament the power to appoint army commanders. The Bill proposed that Parliament would be in control of the army.
1642 Five Members Coup
Charles announced the impeachment of his key opponents Pym, Hampden, Haselrig, Holles, Strode and Montagu, however when he entered the Commons with an arrest force, they had been forewarned and left, this was used by Pym to show the distrust of the King and showed a loss of royalist support. Charles took his family to Hampton Court for their safety (giving control of London to Parliament).
