ChatGPT Final Exam

Question 1

Define hypoxia.

Answer 1

Low oxygen in the tissues and cells.

Question 2

Define hypoxemia.

Answer 2

Low oxygen concentration in the arterial blood.

Question 3

What is atelectasis?

Answer 3

Collapse of alveoli, reducing gas exchange.

Question 4

What does FiO₂ measure?

Answer 4

Fraction of inspired oxygen (e.g., 1.0 = 100%).

Question 5

What is SpO₂?

Answer 5

Oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry.

Question 6

What is PaO₂?

Answer 6

Tension of oxygen in arterial plasma.

Question 7

What are retractions?

Answer 7

Inward pulling of soft tissues with breathing—sign of respiratory distress.

Question 8

What is cyanosis?

Answer 8

Bluish discoloration due to hypoxia.

Question 9

Early signs of hypoxia in children?

Answer 9

Restlessness, tachypnea, nasal flaring.

Question 10

Late signs of hypoxia?

Answer 10

Cyanosis, bradycardia, altered mental status.

Question 11

What is RSV?

Answer 11

Respiratory Syncytial Virus, a common pediatric virus causing bronchiolitis.

Question 12

Who is most at risk for severe RSV?

Answer 12

Infants <6 months, premature babies, congenital heart disease.

Question 13

Common RSV symptoms?

Answer 13

Coughing, wheezing, nasal congestion, poor feeding.

Question 14

Main treatment focus for RSV?

Answer 14

Supportive care: suctioning, oxygen, fluids.

Question 15

Why avoid antibiotics in RSV?

Answer 15

RSV is viral, not bacterial.

Question 16

What is the purpose of nasal suctioning in RSV?

Answer 16

To clear secretions and improve breathing.

Question 17

When should a child with RSV go to the ER?

Answer 17

Signs of respiratory distress, cyanosis, dehydration.

Question 18

What is the normal SpO₂ target range in pediatrics?

Answer 18

≥ 95% on room air.

Question 19

Key nursing priority in RSV?

Answer 19

Maintain airway patency.

Question 20

What PPE is used for RSV isolation?

Answer 20

Contact and droplet precautions (gown, gloves, mask).

Question 21

What is schizophrenia?

Answer 21

A chronic brain disorder affecting <1% of the U.S. population, with symptoms like delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized speech.

Question 22

What percentage of schizophrenia risk is genetic?

Answer 22

Approximately 80%.

Question 23

List 3 neurotransmitters involved in schizophrenia.

Answer 23

Dopamine, serotonin, glutamate.

Question 24

Name 3 brain-related risk factors for schizophrenia.

Answer 24

Brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter imbalances, genetic predisposition.

Question 25

What are some prenatal risk factors for schizophrenia?

Answer 25

Infections during pregnancy, advanced paternal age, season of birth.

Question 26

What are environmental risk factors for schizophrenia?

Answer 26

Psychological trauma, toxins, social adversity.

Question 27

What are the 4 phases of schizophrenia?

Answer 27

Prodromal, Acute, Stabilization, Maintenance.

Question 28

What is a positive symptom of schizophrenia?

Answer 28

Hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech.

Question 29

What is a negative symptom of schizophrenia?

Answer 29

Apathy, flat affect, poor social function.

Question 30

What is a behavioral symptom of schizophrenia?

Answer 30

Disorganized behavior, social withdrawal.

Question 31

Define persecutory delusion.

Answer 31

Belief that one is being targeted or harmed.

Question 32

Define referential delusion.

Answer 32

Belief that unrelated events are personally connected.

Question 33

Define grandiose delusion.

Answer 33

Belief of exaggerated self-importance or power.

Question 34

Define erotomanic delusion.

Answer 34

Belief someone is romantically interested in them.

Question 35

Define nihilistic delusion.

Answer 35

Belief that a catastrophe will occur.

Question 36

Define somatic delusion.

Answer 36

Belief that something abnormal is happening in the body.

Question 37

Define control delusion.

Answer 37

Belief that external forces control thoughts or behavior.

Question 38

What is an auditory hallucination?

Answer 38

Hearing voices or sounds that are not real.

Question 39

What is a visual hallucination?

Answer 39

Seeing things that aren't there.

Question 40

What is an olfactory hallucination?

Answer 40

Smelling odors that aren't present.

Question 41

What is a gustatory hallucination?

Answer 41

Tasting something without a source.

Question 42

What is a tactile hallucination?

Answer 42

Feeling sensations without a stimulus.

Question 43

Name a 1st-gen antipsychotic and a key side effect.

Answer 43

Haloperidol; risk of extrapyramidal symptoms.

Question 44

Name a 2nd-gen antipsychotic and a key side effect.

Answer 44

Risperidone; weight gain, metabolic issues.

Question 45

What lab should be monitored for agranulocytosis?

Answer 45

CBC.

Question 46

What lab rules out metabolic causes for symptoms?

Answer 46

CMP.

Question 47

Why might a urine drug screen be done?

Answer 47

To rule out substances like methamphetamines.

Question 48

Why is a head CT sometimes performed?

Answer 48

To rule out brain tumors or lesions.

Question 49

What are priority nursing interventions in schizophrenia?

Answer 49

Ensure safety, therapeutic communication, medication adherence.

Question 50

What can antipsychotics cause that nurses must monitor?

Answer 50

Orthostatic hypotension, EPS, sedation.