ChatGPT Questions Flashcards
According to Dr. Joseph LeDoux the amygdala is designed to detect: a) Musical tones b) Predators c) Sweet tastes d) Emotional nuances in speech
b) Predators
According to Joseph LeDoux “threat-induced defensive reactions” should be used to denote: a) Physiological responses only b) Conscious feelings of fear c) Both physiological responses and conscious feelings d) Brain activities related to sleep disorders
c) Both physiological responses and conscious feelings
According to Konrad Lorenz what processes contribute to adaptive change in behaviour? a) Ontogeny only b) Phylogeny only c) Both ontogeny and phylogeny d) None of the above
c) Both ontogeny and phylogeny
According to the original theory of learned helplessness what deficit is produced by uncontrollable outcomes? a) Cognitive deficit b) Physical deficit c) Social deficit d) Financial deficit
a) Cognitive deficit
After conditioning what does the buzzer (CS) elicit in Pavlov’s dog experiment? a) No salivation b) Salivation c) Food-seeking behaviour d) Barking
b) Salivation
Amygdala is activated in response to which type of facial expressions? a) Happiness only b) Anger only c) Fear and joy especially fear d) Neutral expressions
c) Fear and joy especially fear
Amygdala is specialized for reacting to stimuli and triggering physiological responses which is different from: a) Cognitive processing b) Hormone regulation c) Digestive functions d) Motor coordination
a) Cognitive processing
Amygdala’s responses to danger are: a) Specific to humans b) Universal across species c) Exclusive to mammals d) Influenced by environmental factors
b) Universal across species
Anandamide known as the “bliss” molecule influences various behaviours including: a) Appetite memory pain depression and fertility b) Motor coordination and sensory perception c) Emotional intelligence and social bonding d) Language acquisition and logical reasoning
a) Appetite memory pain depression and fertility
Approximately how many animal collections are there around the world according to WAZA (2006)? a) 1000 b) 5000 c) 10000 d) 20000
c) 10000
At which field study site do bonobos exhibit a preference for primary forest habitat? a) Lukuru b) Lomako c) TL2 d) Wamba
a) Lukuru
Before conditioning how does a neutral stimulus (NS) affect the subject? a) It elicits a strong response b) It elicits no response c) It elicits a conditioned response d) It elicits an unconditioned response
b) It elicits no response
Conscious feelings of fear differ from physiological responses because: a) Conscious feelings are mediated by the amygdala exclusively b) Physiological responses are slower than conscious feelings c) Conscious feelings involve higher cortical processing in addition to amygdala activation d) Conscious feelings and physiological responses are synonymous
c) Conscious feelings involve higher cortical processing in addition to amygdala activation
Emotions serve useful purposes in biological psychology including: a) Increasing metabolic rate b) Enhancing memory consolidation c) Making quick decisions and understanding/communicating needs d) Regulating circadian rhythms
c) Making quick decisions and understanding/communicating needs
Fear circuitry involves: a) Only the amygdala and hippocampus b) Complex interactions among various brain regions with the amygdala at the center c) Exclusively cortical regions d) Motor areas responsible for fight-or-flight responses
b) Complex interactions among various brain regions with the amygdala at the center
Fear conditioning is used as a behavioural measure of fear in humans and involves: a) Direct stimulation of the neocortex b) Activation of the prefrontal cortex c) Neural pathways sending information to the amygdala d) Activation of the cerebellum
c) Neural pathways sending information to the amygdala
Fear responses across species are similar because: a) All species share identical genetic makeup b) The brain’s responses to danger are hardwired and conserved throughout evolution c) Environmental factors override genetic predispositions d) Human behaviour is inherently unpredictable
b) The brain’s responses to danger are hardwired and conserved throughout evolution
How can human-wildlife interactions be kept safe? a) Through increased hunting activities b) By limiting human access to natural areas c) Through education and awareness programs d) By relocating wildlife to urban environments
c) Through education and awareness programs
How can problems between humans and wild animals develop? a) Through mutual understanding and cooperation b) Due to habitat destruction and encroachment c) By promoting peaceful coexistence d) Through genetic modification of wildlife
b) Due to habitat destruction and encroachment
How can the diet of early hominids be inferred from fossilized teeth? a) By analyzing the enamel color b) By measuring the tooth size c) By examining scratches and pits on the tooth surface d) By counting the number of teeth
c) By examining scratches and pits on the tooth surface
How did researchers study vervet monkey alarm calls in the wild? a) By observing their behaviour in captivity b) By recording alarm calls and observing reactions to playback c) By analyzing their DNA d) By training them to respond to cues
b) By recording alarm calls and observing reactions to playback
How do adult male chimpanzees compare to adult females in size? a) Adult males are much smaller b) Adult males are moderately larger c) Adult males are slightly larger d) Adult males are significantly smaller
b) Adult males are moderately larger
How do arrested adolescence in male orangutans affect social dynamics? a) They become dominant males. b) They remain subordinate to fully mature males. c) They exhibit aggressive behaviours. d) They form separate social groups.
b) They remain subordinate to fully mature males.
How do bonobos primarily construct their night nests? a) Using leaves and branches b) Selecting ground-level spots c) Using rocks and sticks d) Nest construction varies significantly
a) Using leaves and branches