CHEM - Acids And Bases

Question 1

This definition of an acid is a slight modification of the original _____ definition, which was that an acid produces H+ in aqueous solution.

Answer 1

Arrhenius

Question 2

an acid produces __in aqueous solution

Answer 2

H+

Question 3

A substance that produces H3O+ ions in aqueous solution.

Answer 3

Acid

Question 4

A substance that produces OH– ions in aqueous solution.

Answer 4

Base

Question 5

One that reacts completely with water to form H3O+ ions.

Answer 5

Strong acid

Question 6

One that reacts completely with water to form OH– ions.

Answer 6

Strong base

Question 7

A substance that dissociates only partially in water to produce H3O+ ions.

Answer 7

Weak acid

Question 8

A substance that only partially reacts with water to produce OH– ions.

Answer 8

Weak base

Question 9

A proton donor.

Answer 9

Acid

Question 10

A proton acceptor.

Answer 10

Base

Question 11

A proton-transfer reaction.

Answer 11

Acid base reaction

Question 12

Any pair of molecules or ions that can be interconverted by transfer of a proton.

Answer 12

Conjugate acid base pair

Question 13

definitions do not require water as a reactant.

Answer 13

Brønsted–Lowry

Question 14

An acid can be positively charged, neutral, or negatively charged; examples of each type are

Answer 14

H3O+, H2CO3, and H2PO4–.

Question 15

A base can be negatively charged or neutral; examples are

Answer 15

OH–, Cl–, and NH3.

Question 16

Acids are classified as ____ depending on the number of protons each may give up; examples are HCl, H2CO3, and H3PO4.

Answer 16

monoprotic, diprotic, or triprotic

Question 17

A substance that can act as either an acid or a base is said to be

Answer 17

amphiprotic

Question 18

The product of [H3O+] and [OH–] in any aqueous solution is equal to

Answer 18

1.0 x 10–14.

Question 19

One whose pH is less than 7.0.

Answer 19

Acidic solution

Question 20

One whose pH is equal to 7.0.

Answer 20

Neutral solution

Question 21

One whose pH is greater than 7.0.

Answer 21

Basic solution

Question 22

The ion product of water, K , is

Answer 22

1.0 x 10–14

Question 23

A solution that resists change in pH when limited amounts of acid or base are added to it.

Answer 23

PH buffer

Question 24

A pH buffer is an acid or base

Answer 24

“shock absorber.”

Question 25

The amount of hydronium or hydroxide ions that a buffer can absorb without a significant change in pH.

Answer 25

Buffer capacity

Question 26

H2CO3 and its conjugate base, HCO3–

Answer 26

Carbonate buffer

Question 27

H2PO4– and its conjugate base, HPO42–

Answer 27

Phosphate buffer

Question 28

A mathematical relationship between:
• pH
• pKa of the weak acid, HA
• The concentrations of HA and its conjugate base A–.

Answer 28

Henderson–Hasselbalch equation