Chem Chpt 7&8 Test

Question 1

List categories that consists of elements that usually exist as 2+ ions.

Answer 1

Alkali earth metals

Question 2

Lines in hydrogen spectrum represent …

Answer 2

Each line of the element is a photon emitted when an electron drops to a lower energy level

Question 3

Wave frequency is usually measured in …

Answer 3

Hertz

Question 4

The maximum number of valence electrons an atom may have …

Answer 4

8

Question 5

Who developed the periodic table of elements?

Answer 5

Mendeleev

Question 6

Light consists of …

Answer 6

Tiny bundles or “packets” of energy called photons

Question 7

How must the frequency change if a wavelength of a light wave decreases?

Answer 7

Frequency increases

Question 8

Amplitude of a wave is considered a measure of …

Answer 8

The wave’s strength

Question 9

Individual “packets” or quanta of light energy is called…

Answer 9

Photon

Question 10

The lowest energy state of an atom is called …

Answer 10

Ground state

Question 11

Principal quantum describes…

Answer 11

Electron she’ll or main energy level of the electron

Question 12

Know the probable formula of bromide of beryllium…

Answer 12

BeBr2

Question 13

Which of the following categories includes nitrogen, oxygen, chlorine and krypton ?

Answer 13

Nitrogen- nonmetal
Oxygen- nonmetal
Chlorine- halogen
Krypton- noble gases

Question 14

Name alkali metals…

Answer 14

Group 2 metals

+2 charge

Question 15

Name instrument used to study elemental composition of stars by observing the spectrum of a star and comparing it to the spectra of elements on Earth.

Answer 15

Spectrometer

Question 16

Vanadium, platinum and gold are part of what categories…

Answer 16

Transition metals

Question 17

Know why electron configuration is important to chemistry.

Answer 17

Easy way and more instructive to represent these outer energy level electrons as dots

Question 18

Boron has how many valence electrons?

Answer 18

3 valence electrons

Question 19

Know the Lewis symbol for phosphorus

Answer 19

5 valence electrons

Question 20

Know electron configuration of silicon

Answer 20

4 electrons

Question 21

Tin has how many valence electrons?

Answer 21

4 valence

Question 22

Know formula for fluoride of nitrogen

Answer 22

NF3?

Question 23

Know why the 4s orbital fills before the 3D orbital

Answer 23

Because electrons repel each other and in order to make sure that in the 3rd subs he’ll only 18 electrons are in it, 4s must fill before 3d.

Question 24

What is aufbau principle ?

Answer 24

Electrons occupy the lowest energy orbital available, filling in orbitals or successively higher energies until all the electrons are distributed

Question 25

What is Hund's rule?

Answer 25

When a p,d,or f subshell is being filled, one electron will occupy each orbital in that subshell before pairing begins

Question 26

What is the law of octaves?

Answer 26

When he arranged the known elements in order of increasing atomic masses, he noticed that there was a repetition of similar properties every eighth element. That is, the first was like the eighth, the second like the ninth and so on.

Question 27

What is Pauli exclusion principle?

Answer 27

States that no two electrons in an atom may have the same set of four quantum numbers

Question 28

What is periodic law?

Answer 28

Is that the physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic masses

Question 29

What is quantum theory of light?

Answer 29

States that light consists of tiny bundles or "packets" of energy called photons

Question 30

What is theory of relativity ?

Answer 30

theory, formulated essentially by Albert Einstein, that all motion must be defined relative to a frame of reference and that space and time are relative, rather than absolute concepts: it consists of two principal parts

Question 31

What is the uncertainty principle?

Answer 31

It is impossible to simultaneously determine the momentum( mass times velocity) and the position of an electron with precision; either momentum or position may be measured but not both

Question 32

Understand and explain Rutherford's, Bohr's and Born's models of the atom and explain problems that led to the replacement of Rutherford's and Bohr's models.

Answer 32

Rutherford- planets orbiting the sun, his model contradicted laws of physics because his model would end up having the planets crouch into core nucleus and destroy atom Bohr- electrons in atom can only move about in specific orbits, his model only works for hydrogen atom but not accurate for any other kinds of elements Born- electrons have orbitals, or areas in which they move freely around atom, his model called, electron cloud model, his is the most correct model to date Neither model was full correct in its explanation of the atom and it's electrons, so Born came up with his model, the electron cloud model, which is now considered to be the most accurate representation of the atom and its electrons

Question 33

True/False | The high points of a wave are called crests.

Answer 33

True

Question 34

T/F | When an element is vaporized and heated in a flame or an electric arc, the light emitted forms a continuous spectrum.

Answer 34

False | Scattered lines of color

Question 35

T/F The theory that regards light as consisting of tiny packets of energy that have characteristics of both particles and waves is the matter wave theory of light.

Answer 35

False | Wave particle duality

Question 36

The arrangement of all forms of electromagnetic radiation in order of frequency and wavelength is the electromagnetic spectrum.

Answer 36

True

Question 37

T/F | To three significant figures, the speed of light in a vacuum is 1.82 x 10(5) m/s. - ask me about this

Answer 37

False | 3.0(10^8 meters/second)

Question 38

T/F | The distance between two corresponding points on successive waves is called wavelength.

Answer 38

True

Question 39

T/F | Elements in the same column of the periodic table belong to the same period.

Answer 39

False | Group

Question 40

T/F The group of elements referred to as the salt formers because they commonly react with metals to form salts is the chalcogens.

Answer 40

False | halogens

Question 41

The number of complete waves that pass by a point in a given time is the wave's amplitude.

Answer 41

False | Frequency

Question 42

T/F | The low points of a wave are called valleys.

Answer 42

False | Troughs

Question 43

Describe magnetic quantum number.

Answer 43

Orientation of subshell in 3D space