chem summ 2 terms Flashcards
(26 cards)
equal to the number of protons in the
nucleus.
ATOMIC NUMBER
equal to the sum of the number of protons
and neutrons for an atom
MASS NUMBER
Atomic number =
number of protons = number of electrons in a neutral atom
Mass number =
number of protons + number of neutrons
share the same number
of protons but have different numbers of
neutrons.
Isotopes
is used to describe
particular isotopes, when describing the
nuclear properties of an atom
nuclide
for isotopes of different elements with
the same number of neutrons
Isotones
for isotopes of different elements with
the same mass number
Isobars
for isotopes identical in all respects
except for the total energy content of the nuclei
Isomers
radioactive isotope will use or
recommend to diagnose the function of thyroid
gland.
Iodine-131
makes use of the long-lived
isotope carbon-14 to determine how old objects.
Carbon dating
give the lowest wholenumber ratio of atoms of each element in
a compound.
Empirical formulas
give the exact
number of atoms of each element in a
compound.
Molecular formulas
show the order in
which atoms are bonded.
Structural formulas
also show the three-dimensional shape of atoms in a
compound.
Perspective drawings
When atoms lose or gain electrons, they become
IONS
are positive and are formed by elements on
the left side (metal) of the periodic chart.
Cations
are negative and are formed by elements on
the right side (nonmetal) of the periodic chart.
Anions
Naming Binary Compound containing a
metal and a nonmetal
Separate the formula of the cation from that
of the anion. Determine the charge of each
ion.
2. First write the name of the cation , followed
by the name of the anion with a space in
between.
Naming Binary Compound containing two
nonmetals but not hydrogen
They are named using prefixes to state how
many atoms of an element are in one
compound molecule.
2. The name of the second element modified
to the root of its name followed by the
ending ide.
anions usually have the ending “-ide“
hydro- + root of the anion + -ic acid
anions usually have the ending “-ate
root of the anion + -ic acid
anions usually have the ending “-ite
oot of the anion + -ous acid.
Naming Salts
In naming the corresponding salts
the acid’s ending
-ic is changed to -ate
-ous to -ite.
The prefixes are
retained.
Non-oxygen containing salts
have names ending in ide.
