Chemical Bonding Flashcards
(20 cards)
when atoms lose or gain electrons, they form an ___.
ion
positive; metals lose electrons to form cations; ion gets smaller
cation
negative; nonmetals gain electrons to form anions; ion gets larger
anion
Valence electrons are electrons in the outermost shell of an atom, and that can participate in the formation of a chemical bond
valence electrons
a stable group of eight electrons occupying a single shell in an atom.
octet
Why do atoms bond?
to become stable
Is energy absorbed or released when bonds are formed?
When chemical bonds are formed, energy is released. This means that forming bonds is an exothermic process, where energy is given off as the atoms become more stable by bonding together.
when elements form a compound they undergo a _______.
chemical change
once a compound is formed, the properties of the elements have been ______.
completely changed (you cannot look at a compound and tell which elements it “came from”)
the law of constant composition -
the ratio of elements in a compound is always constant; this is what makes compounds different from mixtures
know how to determine the number of each atom in a compound given a chemical formula.
ex: CO2 contains 1 C and 2 O atoms.
a charged particle that consists of only one atom
monatomic ion
A polyatomic ion is a covalent bonded set of two or more atoms, or of a metal complex
polyatomic ion
prefixes 1-10
1: mono-
2: di-
3: tri-
4: tetra-
5: penta-
6: Hexa-
7: Hepta-
8: Octa-
9: Nona-
10: Deca-
Ionic compound
A compound composed of a metal and a nonmetal
Are ionic compounds a liquid, gas or solid at room temp.
Solid
End the name of the second element with the suffix ____.
-ide
A neutral group of atoms held together by covalent bonds
Molecule
Good conductors of heat and electric current
Metals
High melting and boiling points
Metals
Ionic compounds have a ___ boiling point.
High
