Chemical Bonds Quiz 5/3 Flashcards
(28 cards)
Metals
elements that are generally shiny
nonmetals
elements that have no metallic properties
Properties of metals
- higher density
- luster
- ductility
- malleability
- high melting temps
- high strength
- good conductors of electricity and thermal energy
malleability
the ability of a substance to be hammered or rolled into sheets
Properties of nonmetals
- mainly gasses
- no luster
- insulators for heat and electricity
- low strength
chemical bond
a force that holds two or more atoms together in a compound
ductility
the ability to be pulled into thin wires
subatomic particles
electrons, protons, and neutrons
charge of an electron
negatively charges
charge of a proton
positive
charge of a neutron
neutral
When electrons are far from the nucleus, ___________
the bond is weaker
stable
full valence shell, has at least 8 valence electrons
A dot structure needs:
the symbol of the element and the number of valence electrons
unstable
valence shell is not filled, there aren’t at least 8 valence electrons
Covalent bond
When nonmetals share electrons
A single covalent bond is formed when ______________
when two atoms share one pair of electrons
Molecule
a group of atoms held together by covalent bonding that acts as an independent unit
A double covalent bond has _______
two pairs of electrons
Polar molecule
a molecule in which one end of the molecule is slightly positive, while the other end is slightly negative
A triple covalent bond has _________
Three pairs of electrons
How to read a chemical formula?
count how many atoms make up the formula
ion
an atom that has gained or lost electrons
How does an ion differ from a neutral atom?
an ion is created by adding or removing electrons from an, whereas neutral atoms have the same number of protons and electrons
