Science Trimester 3 Exam Flashcards
(28 cards)
Matter
Anything that has mass and takes up space
Atom
A small particle that is a building block of matter
What subatomic particles are located in the nucleus of an atom?
Protons and Neutrons
Substance
Matter which has a specific composition or specific properties
Element
A substance that consists of just one type of atom
What does the atomic number of an element represent?
Number of protons in the atom
Compound
A type of substance containing atoms of two or more different elements chemically bonded together
What do periods on the periodic table indicate?
The number of shells that exist around the nucleus
What orientation are periods on the periodic table?
Horizontal
What do groups on the periodic table indicate?
The number of valence electrons
What orientation are groups on the periodic table?
Vertical
Where are electrons found?
Outside the nucleus
Valence electrons
The outermost electrons of an atom that participates in chemical bonding
Valence shell
The outermost shells of an atom
Chemical bond
A force that holds two or more atoms together in a compound
Subatomic particles
Electrons, protons, and neutrons
Covalent bond
A chemical bond formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of valence electrons
What family of elements form covalent bonds?
Non-metals
Double covalent bonds
Two atoms share two pairs of valence electrons
Molecule
A group of atoms held together by covalent bonding that acts as an independent unit
Polar molecule
A molecule in which one end of the molecule is slightly positive, while the other end is slightly negative
Chemical formula
A group of chemical symbols and number that represent the elements and the number of atoms of each element that make up a compound
Ion
An atom or group of atoms that carries a positive or negative electric charges as a result of having lost or gained one electron
How does an ion differ from a neutral atom?
It has lost or gained electrons
